Side-blown smelting technology has been widely adopted in the copper smelting process. In this study, the stirring uniformity of molten bath and the smelting efficiency of the copper smelting process was improved by a computational fluid dynamics method. Simulation of the gas–slag–matte three-phase flow in the furnace was performed by the volume of a fraction multiphase model coupled to a realizable k–ε turbulence model. The flow field can be divided into five zones, high-speed injection, strong-loop, weak-loop, gas overflow and separation, and settlement zones. Three improved gas injection modes, including oblique, horizontal staggered, and vertical staggered, have been proposed to improve the flow field of the weak-loop zone in the center of the molten bath. Of these methods, the oblique injection mode showed the best improvement effect. The stirring intensity and the slag splashing amount were nearly twice and only one-quarter of the original condition, respectively.

侧吹冶炼技术在铜冶炼过程中得到广泛采用。本研究采用计算流体动力学方法提高熔池搅拌均匀性和铜冶炼过程的冶炼效率。通过与可实现的k-ε耦合的分数多相模型的体积来模拟熔炉中的气体-渣-锍三相流湍流模型。流场可分为高速注入区、强回路、弱回路、气体溢流分离和沉降区五个区。为了改善熔池中心弱环区的流场，提出了倾斜、水平交错和垂直交错三种改进的注气方式。在这些方法中，斜射模式的改善效果最好。搅拌强度和溅渣量分别是原始状态的近两倍和四分之一。