English is used as a lingua franca in most parts of the world (Ozaki, 2011). However, problems and issues related to learning English are country specific (Nagamine, 2011), because most of the difficulties in foreign language learning arise from L1 interference (Flege, 1995). Since this study focuses on acoustic analysis of a phonological feature of Pakistan English (PakE), we outline the historical background of the issue very briefly. Pakistan is a linguistically rich country. More than 70 languages are spoken in Pakistan (Rahman, 1996). Saraiki, Balochi, Sindhi, Punjabi and Pashto are the major indigenous languages of the country. More than 90% of the total population speaks these languages. Pakistan came into being in 1947. It inherited English as a language of education, law, the judiciary and media from the British colonial masters. The British rulers also used the English language in India for official correspondence. Therefore, English became a very effective tool and symbol of power in the subcontinent. As a result, people of the subcontinent feel pride in learning English. Although the colonial period has ended and the English rulers have departed to their homeland, English still remains the language of ruling elite in Pakistan and India.

在世界大部分地区，英语被用作通用语（Ozaki，2011）。然而，与学习英语相关的问题和问题因国家/地区而异（Nagamine，2011），因为外语学习的大部分困难都来自 L1 干扰（Flege，1995）。由于本研究的重点是巴基斯坦英语 (PakE) 语音特征的声学分析，因此我们非常简要地概述了该问题的历史背景。巴基斯坦是一个语言丰富的国家。巴基斯坦使用 70 多种语言（Rahman，1996 年）。萨拉基语、俾路支语、信德语、旁遮普语和普什图语是该国的主要土著语言。超过 90% 的总人口使用这些语言。巴基斯坦于1947年成立。它从英国殖民统治者那里继承了英语作为教育、法律、司法和媒体的语言。英国统治者还在印度使用英语进行官方通信。因此，英语成为次大陆非常有效的工具和权力的象征。因此，次大陆人民以学习英语为荣。尽管殖民时期已经结束，英国统治者也已远走他乡，但英语仍然是巴基斯坦和印度统治精英的语言。