In this study a 2D FEM model was developed to analyze ruts formation, rolling resistance, and power loss for a grape transporting cart aimed to replace the use of heavy tractors while harvesting grape. The model was supported by experiments in a vineyard in South Italy. Cone penetration tests were conducted to estimate frictional and cohesive properties in three soil conditions: firm, soft, and wet saturated. A tractor pulled test rig for a single wheel was developed to measure rolling resistance and sinkage, and complete the selection of the soil parameters. Completed the model, the analysis was conducted for a range of different wheel dimensions, and the outputs analyzed through response surfaces. The results showed the different impacts that width and diameter have on ruts formation and rolling resistance for different soil conditions. Wider wheels determined a main reduction of the sinkage, while the width contribution to the rolling resistance was affected by the total soil volume deformed. Larger diameters led to lower rolling resistance, with a higher impact on more deformable soils. Contact stress was compared with the thresholds recommended in the literature to determine the acceptable designs. This analysis represents a tool to select the running gear dimensions.

在这项研究中，开发了一个 2D FEM 模型来分析葡萄运输车的车辙形成、滚动阻力和功率损失，旨在在收获葡萄时取代重型拖拉机的使用。该模型得到了意大利南部葡萄园实验的支持。进行锥体穿透试验以估计三种土壤条件下的摩擦和内聚力特性：坚硬、柔软和湿饱和。研制了拖拉机单轮牵引试验台，测量滚动阻力和下沉量，完成土壤参数选择。完成模型，对一系列不同的车轮尺寸进行分析，并通过响应面分析输出。结果表明，在不同的土壤条件下，宽度和直径对车辙形成和滚动阻力的影响不同。更宽的车轮决定了下沉的主要减少，而宽度对滚动阻力的贡献受变形的土壤总体积的影响。更大的直径导致更低的滚动阻力，对更易变形的土壤产生更大的影响。将接触应力与文献中推荐的阈值进行比较以确定可接受的设计。该分析代表了一种选择行走机构尺寸的工具。