Understanding the distributions of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) throughout the full $-$ scale municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) process is essential for controlling their emissions. In this study, we traced PCDD/Fs from an economizer to stack in the views of emission characteristics and partitioning behaviors. The results indicated that combining a vertical economizer with an ash hopper could remove PCDD/Fs from flue gas with a removal efficiency of 59.83%. In stack, the PCDD/Fs emissions in the liquid phase were 16.20 ng I-TEQ/t MSW, which was 53.67% of the total PCDD/Fs emissions. The PCDD/Fs in the liquid phase mainly originated from fine particles. The memory effect mainly occurred in the economizer, followed by the semi-dry scrubber and selective catalytic reduction. De novo synthesis dominated the formation of PCDD/Fs, while precursor formation and memory effect resulted in the PCDFs/PCDDs ratio following complex trends. These findings provide new information for constraining PCDD/Fs emissions in the full-scale MSWI.

全面了解多氯二苯并对二恶英和多氯二苯并呋喃 (PCDD/Fs) 的分布 $-$规模的城市固体废物焚化炉 (MSWI) 过程对于控制其排放至关重要。在这项研究中，我们从排放特征和分配行为的角度追踪了来自节能器的 PCDD/Fs 以叠加。结果表明，立式省煤器与灰斗结合可以去除烟气中的PCDD/Fs，去除效率为59.83%。在烟囱中，液相中的 PCDD/Fs 排放量为 16.20 ng I-TEQ/t MSW，占 PCDD/Fs 排放总量的 53.67%。液相中的 PCDD/Fs 主要来源于细颗粒。记忆效应主要发生在省煤器，其次是半干式洗涤器和选择性催化还原。从头开始合成主导了 PCDD/Fs 的形成，而前体形成和记忆效应导致 PCDFs/PCDDs 比率遵循复杂的趋势。这些发现为在全尺寸 MSWI 中限制 PCDD/Fs 排放提供了新信息。