The recent increase in aquaculture production has been possible because of production intensification, development of formulated feeds and feed management. However, increased intensification can cause oxidative stress and immune breakdown in shrimp, resulting in poor performance. The problems associated with increased aquacultural intensification can be managed with proper nutrition. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the effects of different dietary carbohydrate/protein and lipid/protein ratios on the growth performance, immune response, and oxidative parameters of Litopenaeus vannamei cultured under high stocking density. L. vannamei juveniles were randomly fed 20 experimental diets, comprising five carbohydrate/protein ratios (CBH:P; 0.6, 0.8, 1.1, 1.5, and 2.1) and four lipid/protein ratios (Lip:P; 0.2, 0.23, 0.3, and 0.36), for 49 days. Samples were collected from the shrimp at the end of the feeding trial for immunological, oxidative, and performance analyses. The results of the study showed that the weight gain, specific growth rate, protein efficiency, and nitrogen retention of the shrimp were significantly affected by dietary CBH:P ratios, and the best growth performance was observed in shrimp subjected to the 2.1 CBH:P and 0.3 Lip:P treatments. Similarly, the total hemocyte count of the shrimp was significantly affected by CBH:P treatment, with the highest value obtained in shrimp subjected to 2.1 CBH:P treatment. In contrast, the phagocytic index of the shrimp was not significantly affected by dietary CBH:P and Lip:P ratios. TBARS concentration and superoxide dismutase activity of the muscles were not significantly affected by the treatments; however, protein carbonyl concentration was significantly affected by the treatments. Overall, the findings of the study showed that high dietary CBH:P ratio improved the growth performance of the shrimp, while high dietary Lip:P ratio improved the oxidative status of the shrimp, with the best performance obtained in shrimp subjected to 2.1 CBH:P and 0.3 Lip:P treatments, respectively.

由于生产集约化、配合饲料的发展和饲料管理，最近水产养殖产量的增加成为可能。然而，增加集约化会导致虾的氧化应激和免疫功能崩溃，从而导致性能不佳。与增加水产养殖集约化相关的问题可以通过适当的营养来解决。因此，本研究的目的是检验不同日粮碳水化合物/蛋白质和脂质/蛋白质比例对高放养密度下养殖的南美白对虾生长性能、免疫反应和氧化参数的影响。南美白对虾幼鱼随机饲喂 20 种实验饮食，包括五种碳水化合物/蛋白质比率（CBH:P；0.6、0.8、1.1、1.5 和 2.1）和四种脂质/蛋白质比率（Lip:P；0.2、0.23、0.3 和 0.36） , 49 天。在饲养试验结束时从虾中收集样品用于免疫学、氧化和性能分析。研究结果表明，日粮CBH:P对虾的增重、比生长率、蛋白质效率和氮保留率有显着影响，在2.1 CBH:P的虾中观察到最好的生长性能和 0.3 Lip:P 处理。同样，虾的总血细胞计数受 CBH:P 处理的显着影响，在接受 2.1 CBH:P 处理的虾中获得的值最高。相比之下，虾的吞噬指数不受日粮 CBH:P 和 Lip:P 比例的显着影响。肌肉的TBARS浓度和超氧化物歧化酶活性不受处理的显着影响；然而，蛋白质羰基浓度受到处理的显着影响。总体而言，研究结果表明，高日粮 CBH:P 比提高了虾的生长性能，而高日粮 Lip:P 比改善了虾的氧化状态，在 2.1 CBH 的虾中获得了最佳性能：分别为 P 和 0.3 Lip:P 处理。蛋白质羰基浓度受处理显着影响。总体而言，研究结果表明，高日粮 CBH:P 比提高了虾的生长性能，而高日粮 Lip:P 比改善了虾的氧化状态，在 2.1 CBH 的虾中获得了最佳性能：分别为 P 和 0.3 Lip:P 处理。蛋白质羰基浓度受处理显着影响。总体而言，研究结果表明，高日粮 CBH:P 比提高了虾的生长性能，而高日粮 Lip:P 比改善了虾的氧化状态，在 2.1 CBH 的虾中获得了最佳性能：分别为 P 和 0.3 Lip:P 处理。