Abstract

Wounds affect various functions of the skin, and treating them has always been a challenge for humans. Skin grafts have been traditionally used to treat wounds; however, they have certain shortcomings. Skin tissue engineering has many advantages, and thus, it is expected to become a new method for wound treatment. Suitable skin substitutes are necessary for skin tissue engineering, and the materials of the scaffolds affect the properties of skin substitutes. Only suitable materials can promote wound healing, so it is very important to choose the right materials and study their characteristics for skin tissue engineering. This article reviews scaffold materials, including natural, synthetic, and composite materials, and their advantages, disadvantages are analyzed. In addition, this review presents current commercially available skin substitutes for clinical use. Finally, the perspectives and existing challenges in the field of skin tissue engineering are presented.

摘要

伤口影响皮肤的各种功能，治疗它们一直是人类面临的挑战。皮肤移植传统上用于治疗伤口。但是，它们也有某些缺点。皮肤组织工程具有诸多优势，有望成为一种新的伤口治疗方法。皮肤组织工程需要合适的皮肤替代物，而支架材料会影响皮肤替代物的性能。只有合适的材料才能促进伤口愈合，因此选择合适的材料并研究其特性对于皮肤组织工程非常重要。本文综述了支架材料，包括天然材料、合成材料和复合材料，并分析了它们的优缺点。此外，本综述介绍了目前可用于临床的市售皮肤替代品。最后，介绍了皮肤组织工程领域的前景和现有挑战。