Abstract

In order to investigate the effect of organic and chemical fertilizers on the yield and some physiological traits of beans under conditions of competition with Amaranthus retroflexus, an experiment was performed in the form of slip plots as a complete randomized block design (RCBD) with three replications. The experimental treatments included three densities of Amaranthus retroflexus as the main factor and fertilizer at five levels as the sub-factor. The results showed that the amount of weed nitrogen, ranging from the highest to the lowest, under the intense competitive pressure of Amaranthus retroflexus (D3 = 14) was related to nitrogen (85.08%), biochar (65.78%), compost (19.51%) and manure (16.44%) fertilizer, respectively. The results of this experiment indicated that the negative impact of wild Amaranthus retroflexus competition on grain yield depends on the type of fertilization and weed density of Amaranthus retroflexus. Among all fertilization treatments, at high competitive density of Amaranthus retroflexus, the highest rise in grain yield, compared to non-fertilization was related to compost (184.152), manure (119.24%), biochar (55.76%) and nitrogen (43.99%) treatments respectively. At low competitive weed density, the greatest increase in the grain yield was observed in compost (132.33%), manure (104.43%), biochar (55.71%) and nitrogen (22%) treatments compared to no fertilizer. In the absence of Amaranthus retroflexus, the highest to the lowest level of yield was obtained from the treatments of nitrogen, manure, compost, biochar and no fertilizer, while no statistically significant difference was found between nitrogen treatment and manure.

摘要

为研究有机肥和化肥在与反枝苋竞争条件下对豆类产量和部分生理性状的影响，以滑移图的形式进行了完全随机区组设计(RCBD)试验，重复3次。 . 试验处理以3个密度反枝苋为主因子，5个水平施肥为副因子。结果表明，在逆枝苋的激烈竞争压力下，杂草氮含量从最高到最低不等。(D3 = 14) 分别与氮 (85.08%)、生物炭 (65.78%)、堆肥 (19.51%) 和粪便 (16.44%) 肥料有关。本试验结果表明，野生苋菜竞争对籽粒产量的负面影响取决于施肥方式和苋菜的杂草密度。在所有施肥处理中，Amaranthus retroflexus 的高竞争密度，与不施肥相比，谷物产量的最高增幅分别与堆肥 (184.152)、粪肥 (119.24%)、生物炭 (55.76%) 和氮 (43.99%) 处理有关。在低竞争杂草密度下，与不施肥相比，堆肥 (132.33%)、粪肥 (104.43%)、生物炭 (55.71%) 和氮 (22%) 处理的谷物产量增幅最大。在没有苋菜的情况下，氮、粪肥、堆肥、生物炭和不施肥处理的产量最高到最低，而氮处理和粪肥处理之间的差异无统计学意义。