Measures to slow down the spread of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 have had an impact on the daily life and physical activity (PA) of many people. Nevertheless, in Germany, mitigation policies and incidence values vary widely across the federal states (Länder). Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate regional differences in PA during the coronavirus pandemic. This study is based on the SPOVID project (Examining physical activity and sports behavior in the face of COVID-19 pandemic: a social inequality perspective) that incorporates a large-scale, representative cross-sectional survey representing the German population (≥14 years). Based on the survey that took place in October 2020 (N = 1477), we investigated the relationships between the COVID-19 incidence values as well as the mitigation policies across the federal states in Germany and changes in PA. Pearson correlations indicated a strong negative relationship between PA change and 7-day incidence values (r = −0.688 **, p = 0.009) and a moderate negative relationship between PA changes and an index of mitigation policies (r = −0.444, p = 0.112). Higher 7-day incidence values and stricter mitigation policies were associated with a stronger decline in PA levels. Therefore, it is important to support people to stay active even if there are restrictions. In particular, in federal states and regions with high incidences and stricter mitigation policies, measures to promote health-enhancing PA are necessary.

中文翻译：

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COVID-19 大流行期间体力活动的变化——基于德国联邦缓解政策和发生率值的差异分析


减缓冠状病毒 SARS-CoV-2 传播的措施对许多人的日常生活和身体活动 (PA) 产生了影响。然而，在德国，各联邦州（Länder）的缓解政策和发生率值差异很大。因此，本研究的目的是调查冠状病毒大流行期间 PA 的区域差异。本研究基于 SPOVID 项目（检查面对 COVID-19 大流行的身体活动和体育行为：社会不平等视角），该项目包含代表德国人口（≥14 岁）的大规模、代表性横断面调查。根据 2020 年 10 月进行的调查 ( N = 1477)，我们调查了德国各联邦州的 COVID-19 发病率值以及缓解政策与 PA 变化之间的关系。 Pearson 相关性表明 PA 变化与 7 天发病率值之间存在很强的负相关关系（r = -0.688 **， p = 0.009），PA 变化与缓解政策指数之间存在中度负相关关系（r = -0.444， p = 0.112）。较高的 7 天发病率值和更严格的缓解政策与 PA 水平的大幅下降相关。因此，即使有限制，支持人们保持活跃也很重要。特别是在发病率高、缓解政策更严格的联邦州和地区，有必要采取措施促进健康增强 PA。