ABSTRACT

Common vetch plant (Vicia sativa L.) growth under various arsenic (As) loads was investigated in the clean (1st year cultivation) and As-contaminated soils (2nd year cultivation). The total dry weight (DW) of common vetch gradually increased by the application of low concentration of As-contaminated irrigation waters (IWs) while the decrease of total DW to lower than the control plant at high As loads was observed. Compared with the control plant, the aboveground biomass yield loss was 7.6% and 61.6% in the 1st and 2nd cultivation years, respectively. The root dry (RDW) loss was about 36% in the 2nd cultivation year while the 1st year crop root yield loss was 56.5%. In the 1st cultivation year crops, the root As amount was about 1.8–1.9 fold higher than in the shoots while it reached to about 4–11 fold in the 2nd year crops. Although, common vetch might be defined as a highly tolerant plant to As in the clean soil, results demonstrated that the As tolerance of plant could decline when the usage of As-contaminated IWs for a prolonged time. Application of As-contaminated waters for a long time caused the changes of macro (N, P, Ca, Mg, and K) and microelements (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn) transportation from the root to aboveground biomass.

摘要

常见的野豌豆 ( Vicia sativa)L.) 在清洁（第 1 年栽培）和 As 污染土壤（第 2 年栽培）中研究了各种砷 (As) 负荷下的生长。随着低浓度As污染灌溉水（IWs）的应用，紫云英的总干重（DW）逐渐增加，而在高As负载下观察到总干重（DW）降低至低于对照植物。与对照植物相比，第1和第2栽培年地上生物量产量损失分别为7.6%和61.6%。第 2 个栽培年的根干 (RDW) 损失约为 36%，而第 1 年作物根系产量损失为 56.5%。在第 1 年栽培作物中，根系 As 含量比芽高约 1.8-1.9 倍，而在第 2 年作物中达到约 4-11 倍。虽然，紫云英可能被定义为在清洁土壤中对砷具有高度耐受性的植物，结果表明，当长期使用受砷污染的 IW 时，植物对砷的耐受性会下降。长期施用As污染水体导致宏观（N、P、Ca、Mg、K）和微量元素（Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn）从根部向地上生物量的输送发生变化。