Improvement in life expectancy of patients suffering from oncohematologic disorders has turned cancer from an acute into a chronic condition, making the management of comorbidities problematic, especially when it comes to both acute and chronic cardiovascular diseases. Treatment-related adverse events and drug–drug interactions often influence the therapeutic approach of patients with active malignancies and cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, tumor cells and platelets maintain a complex crosstalk that on one hand enhances tumor dissemination and on the other hand induces hemostasis abnormalities. Hence, clinicians should move carefully in the intricate land mines established by patients with active cancer under antithrombotic therapy. To date, there is no consensus on the antithrombotic treatment of patients with cardiovascular diseases and concomitant malignancies. The aim of this review is to collect the available scientific evidence, including the latest clinical trials and guidelines, in order to provide guidance on the management of antithrombotic treatment (both antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy) in cancer patients with either pre-existent or new-onset coronary artery disease. Randomized-controlled trials on antithrombotic treatment in oncologic populations, which by far have thus far been excluded, have to be promoted to supply recommendations in the oncohematologic setting.

患有肿瘤血液疾病的患者预期寿命的提高已将癌症从急性病转变为慢性病，这使得合并症的管理成为问题，尤其是在涉及急性和慢性心血管疾病时。与治疗相关的不良事件和药物相互作用通常会影响活动性恶性肿瘤和心血管疾病患者的治疗方法。此外，肿瘤细胞和血小板保持复杂的串扰，一方面增强肿瘤传播，另一方面诱导止血异常。因此，临床医生在抗血栓治疗的活动性癌症患者所建立的复杂地雷中应谨慎行事。迄今为止，对于心血管疾病和合并恶性肿瘤患者的抗血栓治疗尚无共识。本综述的目的是收集可用的科学证据，包括最新的临床试验和指南，以便为既往或新发癌症患者的抗血栓治疗（抗血小板和抗凝治疗）的管理提供指导。发生冠状动脉疾病。迄今为止已被排除在肿瘤人群中的抗血栓治疗的随机对照试验必须推广以在肿瘤血液学环境中提供建议。为既往存在或新发冠状动脉疾病的癌症患者的抗血栓治疗（抗血小板和抗凝治疗）的管理提供指导。迄今为止已被排除在肿瘤人群中的抗血栓治疗的随机对照试验必须推广以在肿瘤血液学环境中提供建议。为既往存在或新发冠状动脉疾病的癌症患者的抗血栓治疗（抗血小板和抗凝治疗）的管理提供指导。迄今为止已被排除在肿瘤人群中的抗血栓治疗的随机对照试验必须推广以在肿瘤血液学环境中提供建议。