The respiratory system is constantly exposed to external pathogens but has different and effective defense systems. The pathophysiology of bronchiectasis affects the defense system considerably in that alterations occur in the airway that reduce its effectiveness in mucociliary clearance and the greater presence of mucins leads to the accumulation of more adherent and viscous mucus. One of the pillars of treatment of this disease should be improvement of mucociliary clearance and a decrease in the adherence and viscosity of the mucus. To this end, the mobilization of secretions must be increased through effective respiratory physiotherapy techniques, which can be manual and/or instrumental. The properties of mucus can be modified to improve its mobilization through the use of a mucoactive agent. Despite the increase in the number and quality of studies, the evidence for these treatments remains scarce, although their application is recommended in all guidelines.

呼吸系统不断暴露于外部病原体，但具有不同且有效的防御系统。支气管扩张的病理生理学对防御系统有很大影响，因为气道中发生的改变会降低其清除粘液纤毛的有效性，并且粘蛋白的更多存在会导致更多粘附和粘性粘液的积聚。治疗这种疾病的支柱之一应该是改善粘液纤毛清除和降低粘液的粘附性和粘度。为此，必须通过有效的呼吸物理治疗技术来增加分泌物的动员，这些技术可以是手动的和/或工具的。通过使用粘液活性剂，可以改变粘液的特性以改善其流动性。