The centrosome is a membrane-less organelle consisting of a pair of barrel-shaped centrioles and pericentriolar material and functions as the major microtubule-organizing center and signaling hub in animal cells. The past decades have witnessed the functional complexity and importance of centrosomes in various cellular processes such as cell shaping, division, and migration. In addition, centrosome abnormalities are linked to a wide range of human diseases and pathological states, such as cancer, reproductive disorder, brain disease, and ciliopathies. Herein, we discuss various functions of centrosomes in development and health, with an emphasis on their roles in germ cells, stem cells, and immune responses. We also discuss how centrosome dysfunctions are involved in diseases. A better understanding of the mechanisms regulating centrosome functions may lead the way to potential therapeutic targeting of this organelle in disease treatment.

中文翻译：

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中心体在发育、健康和疾病中的多方面作用

中心体是一种无膜细胞器，由一对桶状中心粒和中心粒周围物质组成，在动物细胞中充当主要的微管组织中心和信号枢纽。过去几十年见证了中心体在各种细胞过程（如细胞成形、分裂和迁移）中的功能复杂性和重要性。此外，中心体异常与多种人类疾病和病理状态有关，例如癌症、生殖障碍、脑部疾病和纤毛病。在这里，我们讨论了中心体在发育和健康中的各种功能，重点是它们在生殖细胞、干细胞和免疫反应中的作用。我们还讨论了中心体功能障碍如何与疾病有关。