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Evolution of Urban Patterns: Urban Morphology as an Open Reproducible Data Science
Geographical Analysis ( IF 3.566 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-15 , DOI: 10.1111/gean.12302
Martin Fleischmann 1 , Alessandra Feliciotti 2 , William Kerr 3
Affiliation  

The recent growth of geographic data science (GDS) fuelled by increasingly available open data and open source tools has influenced urban sciences across a multitude of fields. Yet there is limited application in urban morphology—a science of urban form. Although quantitative approaches to morphological research are finding momentum, existing tools for such analyses have limited scope and are predominantly implemented as plug-ins for standalone geographic information system software. This inherently restricts transparency and reproducibility of research. Simultaneously, the Python ecosystem for GDS is maturing to the point of fully supporting highly specialized morphological analysis. In this paper, we use the open source Python ecosystem in a workflow to illustrate its capabilities in a case study assessing the evolution of urban patterns over six historical periods on a sample of 42 locations. Results show a trajectory of change in the scale and structure of urban form from pre-industrial development to contemporary neighborhoods, with a peak of highest deviation during the post-World War II era of modernism, confirming previous findings. The wholly reproducible method is encapsulated in computational notebooks, illustrating how modern GDS can be applied to urban morphology research to promote open, collaborative, and transparent science, independent of proprietary or otherwise limited software.

中文翻译:

城市模式的演变:作为开放可复制数据科学的城市形态学

在越来越多的开放数据和开源工具的推动下,地理数据科学 (GDS) 的近期发展影响了多个领域的城市科学。然而,在城市形态学——一门关于城市形态的科学中,应用有限。尽管形态学研究的定量方法正在寻找动力,但用于此类分析的现有工具范围有限,并且主要作为独立地理信息系统软件的插件来实现。这从本质上限制了研究的透明度和可重复性。同时,用于 GDS 的 Python 生态系统正在成熟到完全支持高度专业化的形态分析的程度。在本文中,我们在工作流中使用开源 Python 生态系统来说明其在一个案例研究中的能力,该案例研究评估了 42 个地点样本中六个历史时期的城市模式演变。结果显示了从前工业化发展到当代社区的城市形态规模和结构的变化轨迹,在二战后的现代主义时期达到了最高偏差,证实了之前的发现。完全可重复的方法封装在计算笔记本中,说明了现代 GDS 如何应用于城市形态研究,以促进开放、协作和透明的科学,独立于专有或其他受限软件。结果显示了从前工业化发展到当代社区的城市形态规模和结构的变化轨迹,在二战后的现代主义时期达到了最高偏差,证实了之前的发现。完全可重复的方法封装在计算笔记本中,说明了现代 GDS 如何应用于城市形态研究,以促进开放、协作和透明的科学,独立于专有或其他受限软件。结果显示了从前工业化发展到当代社区的城市形态规模和结构的变化轨迹,在二战后的现代主义时期达到了最高偏差,证实了之前的发现。完全可重复的方法封装在计算笔记本中,说明了现代 GDS 如何应用于城市形态研究,以促进开放、协作和透明的科学,独立于专有或其他受限软件。
更新日期:2021-07-15
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