Background: Few studies have examined substance use disorders (SUDs) in cancer patients and it is unclear whether SUDs differentially impact cigarette smoking in patients with vs. without cancer. This study used epidemiological data to estimate current cigarette smoking prevalence and quit ratios among US adults with and without SUDs by cancer status. Methods: Data were drawn from the 2015–2018 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (n = 170,111). Weighted current smoking prevalence and quit ratios were estimated across survey years by SUDs (with vs. without) and by cancer status (with vs. without). Results: Among those with cancer, current smoking prevalence was higher for those with vs. without SUDs (47% vs. 13%, p < 0.001) and quit ratios lower for those with vs. without SUDs (45% vs. 71%, p = 0.002). A similar pattern was observed in adults without cancer, with higher smoking prevalence (56% vs. 21%, p < 0.001) and lower quit ratios (23% vs. 51%, p < 0.001) observed for those with vs. without SUDs, respectively. In adjusted logistic regressions, the SUD × cancer status interaction was not significant for smoking prevalence or quit ratios (AOR = 1.2; 95% CI: 0.7, 2.1, p = 0.56; AOR = 1.0; 95% CI: 0.5, 2.0, p = 0.91, respectively), though smoking prevalence was lower and quit ratios higher for adults with vs. without cancer (ps < 0.05). Conclusions: Among US adults with and without cancer, individuals with SUDs evidenced higher cigarette smoking and lower quit ratios than those without SUDs. Addressing SUDs and their impact on smoking cessation is critical in cancer patients with implications for improving health and treatment outcomes.

中文翻译：

---

近期诊断出癌症的美国成年人中吸烟和物质使用障碍的关联

背景：很少有研究检查癌症患者的物质使用障碍 (SUD)，目前尚不清楚 SUD 对癌症患者和非癌症患者吸烟的影响是否存在差异。本研究使用流行病学数据，根据癌症状态估计有和没有 SUD 的美国成年人当前的吸烟流行率和戒烟率。方法：数据来自 2015-2018 年全国药物使用和健康调查（n = 170,111）。通过 SUD（有与无）和癌症状态（有与无）估计调查年份的加权当前吸烟率和戒烟率。结果：在癌症患者中，有 SUD 者与无 SUD 者的当前吸烟率较高（47% 与 13%，p < 0.001），有 SUD 者与无 SUD 者的戒烟率较低（45% 与 71%， p = 0.002）。在未患癌症的成年人中也观察到了类似的模式，吸烟率较高（56% 对 21%，p < 0.001），戒烟率较低（23% 对 51%，p < 0.001）。 ， 分别。在调整后的逻辑回归中，SUD × 癌症状态交互作用对于吸烟流行率或戒烟率不显着（AOR = 1.2；95% CI：0.7、2.1，p = 0.56；AOR = 1.0；95% CI：0.5、2.0、p = 0.91），尽管患有癌症的成年人与未患癌症的成年人的吸烟率较低，戒烟率较高（ps < 0.05）。结论：在患有和未患有癌症的美国成年人中，与没有 SUD 的人相比，患有 SUD 的人的吸烟率更高，戒烟率更低。解决 SUD 及其对戒烟的影响对于癌症患者至关重要，这对改善健康和治疗结果具有影响。