Powered by renewable electricity, biological | inorganic hybrids employ water-splitting electrocatalysis and generate H₂ as reducing equivalents for microbial catalysis. The approach integrates the beauty of biocatalysis with the energy efficiency of inorganic materials for sustainable chemical production. Yet a successful integration requires delicate control of the hybrid's extracellular chemical environment. Such an argument is evident in the exemplary case of O₂ because biocatalysis has a stringent requirement of O₂, but the electrocatalysis may inadvertently perturb the oxidative pressure of biological moieties. Here we report that the addition of perfluorocarbon nanoemulsions promotes a biocompatible O₂ microenvironment in an O₂-sensitive N₂-fixing biological | inorganic hybrid. Langmuir-type nonspecific binding between bacteria and nanoemulsions facilitates O₂ transport in a bacterial microenvironment and leads to a 250% increase in efficiency for organic fertilizers within 120 h. Controlling the biological microenvironment with nanomaterials heralds a general approach accommodating the compatibility in biological | inorganic hybrids.

由可再生电力、生物电力提供动力 |无机杂化物采用水分解电催化并产生H ₂作为微生物催化的还原当量。该方法将生物催化的优点与无机材料的能源效率相结合，实现可持续化学生产。然而，成功的整合需要对杂交体的细胞外化学环境进行精细控制。这种论点在O ₂的示例性情况下是显而易见的，因为生物催化对O ₂有严格的要求，但电催化可能无意中扰乱生物部分的氧化压力。在这里，我们报道了全氟化碳纳米乳液的添加促进了O ₂敏感的N ₂固定生物中的生物相容性O ₂微环境|无机杂化物。细菌和纳米乳液之间的朗缪尔型非特异性结合促进了细菌微环境中的O ₂运输，并导致有机肥料的效率在120小时内提高了250%。用纳米材料控制生物微环境预示着一种适应生物相容性的通用方法|无机杂化物。