Annually-laminated (varved) lake records serve as valuable archives for the study of subtle variations in the timing and expression of changing environmental and climatic conditions at sub-decadal resolution. Well-constrained, individual cryptotephras preserved within varved sediments can be precisely dated and allow the direct correlation of sites within which the same deposits are identified. Although varved sediments provide a dating ideal for cryptotephras, lakes with such records for the Holocene are rare. Here we present the first Holocene-age tephrostratigraphy from a varved record in the British Isles, comprising fifteen cryptotephra layers. The sedimentary record of Diss Mere spans the period ~2070–10,290 cal. BP and is linked to a varve chronology. Our analysis reveals two key findings. 1) We identify a series of four, geochemically indistinguishable cryptotephra layers of Hekla origin, for the first time, through a ca.960-year interval from ~7170–8130 cal. BP. These tephras match the Lairg A chemistry from Hekla and we therefore recommend caution must be taken if employing the Lairg A tephra as an isochron in records. 2) We identify one cryptotephra deposit which originates from an eruption in the Azores ~2310 cal. BP, marking it the first discovery of its kind in England. Our results demonstrate how the temporal expanse and well-resolved nature of varved records can provide a more complex narrative to eruptive histories and ash dispersal than previously established from proximal studies. This tephrostratigraphic record for Diss Mere extends the known distributions of the identified cryptotephras, highlighting the potential for sites in southern Britain to act as valuable tephra repositories.

每年分层（varved）的湖泊记录是研究次年代分辨率环境和气候条件变化的时间和表达的细微变化的宝贵档案。保存在变质沉积物中的受约束良好的个体隐孢子虫可以精确地确定年代，并允许在其中确定相同沉积物的地点之间进行直接关联。尽管斑纹沉积物为隐藻提供了理想的测年方法，但具有全新世此类记录的湖泊很少见。在这里，我们展示了来自不列颠群岛的瓦片记录的第一个全新世时代的火山地层学，包括十五个cryptotephra 层。Diss Mere 的沉积记录跨越了大约 2070–10,290 cal 的时期。BP 并与 varve 年表相关联。我们的分析揭示了两个关键发现。1）我们确定了一系列的四个，地球化学上无法区分的 Hekla 起源的cryptotephra 层，这是第一次，通过从~7170-8130 cal 的大约 960 年的间隔。BP。这些 tephras 与来自 Hekla 的 Lairg A 化学相匹配，因此我们建议在使用 Lairg A tephra 作为记录中的等时线时必须谨慎。2) 我们确定了一个源自亚速尔群岛约 2310 cal 火山喷发的cryptotephra 矿床。BP，标志着它在英国的首次发现。我们的结果表明，与先前从近端研究中建立的相比，斑驳记录的时间范围广度和解析良好的性质如何可以为喷发历史和火山灰扩散提供更复杂的叙述。Diss Mere 的这个火山地层记录扩展了已识别的cryptotephras 的已知分布，