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A sequential record of the Llandovery δ13Ccarb excursions paired with time-specific facies: Anticosti Island, eastern Canada
Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-14 , DOI: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2021.110566
Matthew G. Braun 1 , Pascale Daoust 1, 2 , André Desrochers 1
Affiliation  

The Silurian climate was volatile and punctuated by multiple short-lived climate events, each associated with biotic crisis and perturbations to the global carbon cycle. In total, seven positive carbon isotopic excursions are globally recognized in the Silurian with the large excursions of the Wenlock-Ludlow interval in the Baltic succession garnering the most research; these excursions are recorded in association with cyclic facies changes and the enigmatic resurgence of microbial carbonates. Climate models, hypothesizing cycles of alternating humid and arid climate states, have been developed to explain these paired lithologic-isotopic fluctuations; however, little work has been done to test these models on lower Silurian strata. To test for the presence of δ13Ccarb excursions and the stratigraphic motif of proposed climate events, we developed a high-resolution integrated stratigraphic framework for the upper Hirnantian to mid-Telychian (Upper Ordovician to Llandovery) carbonate-dominated succession of Anticosti Island, by examining ~450 m of strata from a recent drill core, supplemented by ~120 m of outcrop. Four facies assemblages and three time-specific facies are identified and organized into three orders of superimposed transgressive-regressive cycles. High-resolution isotopic curves reveal the presence of four global positive carbon isotope excursions all sequentially recorded in the study interval; the HICE (peak of +5‰), Early Aeronian (peak of +2‰), Late Aeronian (peak of +6‰), and Valgu (peak of +3.5‰) excursions. Common cyclic stratigraphic trends are recognized with these δ13Ccarb excursions, where each excursion is associated with a shift from shale-rich to shale-poor facies, an intermediate-order transgression, and a minor δ18O excursion. These repetitive lithologic-isotopic patterns in the Llandovery succession of Anticosti Island are linked to cyclic fluctuations between low-latitude humid and arid climate states. In addition to these patterns, microbial-rich carbonates are associated with the Late Aeronian and Valgu δ13Ccarb excursions on Anticosti Island; this suggests a genetic link between the elevated δ13C values and the proliferation of calcified cyanobacteria and associated microfossils. This integrated stratigraphic model linking carbon excursions with climate and carbonate factory shifts provides an excellent framework for future studies, using a wide variety of geochemical systems, to better understand the processes that drove environmental and biodiversity changes through the Llandovery.



中文翻译:

Llandovery δ13Ccarb 偏移的连续记录与特定时间相配对:加拿大东部安蒂科斯蒂岛

志留纪气候多变,并被多次短命气候事件打断,每一次气候事件都与生物危机和全球碳循环扰动有关。总共有 7 次碳同位素正偏移在志留系被全球认可,其中波罗的海序列中的 Wenlock-Ludlow 区间的大偏移获得了最多的研究;这些偏移与循环相变化和微生物碳酸盐的神秘复苏有关。已经开发了气候模型,假设潮湿和干旱气候状态交替循环,以解释这些成对的岩性-同位素波动;然而,在志留系下部地层上测试这些模型的工作很少。测试是否存在 δ 13 C碳水化合物远足和拟议气候事件的地层主题,我们开发了一个高分辨率的综合地层框架,用于安蒂科斯蒂岛上海尔南阶到中特里奇阶(上奥陶纪到兰多维)以碳酸盐为主的安蒂科斯蒂岛序列,通过检查约 450 米的地层最近的钻芯,辅以约 120 m 的露头。确定了四个相组合和三个特定时间的相,并将其组织成三个叠加的海进-回归旋回。高分辨率同位素曲线揭示了四个全球正碳同位素偏移的存在,所有这些偏移都在研究间隔中按顺序记录;HICE(+5‰的峰值)、Aeronian早期(+2‰的峰值)、Aeronian晚期(+6‰的峰值)和Valgu(+3.5‰的峰值)游览。用这些 δ 识别出常见的循环地层趋势13 C carb偏移,其中每次偏移都与从富页岩相转变为贫页岩相、中级海侵和次要 δ 18 O 偏移有关。Anticosti 岛 Llandovery 序列中的这些重复岩性同位素模式与低纬度潮湿和干旱气候状态之间的循环波动有关。除了这些模式之外,富含微生物的碳酸盐还与安蒂科斯蒂岛上的埃罗纪晚期和 Valgu δ 13 C碳水化合物偏移有关;这表明升高的 δ 13之间存在遗传联系C 值和钙化蓝藻和相关微化石的增殖。这种将碳漂移与气候和碳酸盐工厂转移联系起来的综合地层模型为未来的研究提供了一个极好的框架,使用各种地球化学系统,以更好地了解通过兰多弗里推动环境和生物多样性变化的过程。

更新日期:2021-07-26
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