Distribution of natural resources is considered to be a key aspect in ensuring the success of conservation policies. The Common Fisheries Policy, implemented by the European Union (EU), is an example of long-term international cooperation for sustainability of the marine environment. Nonetheless, continued enforcement of the policy is threatened by its insufficient effectiveness in restoring fish stocks and the tensions that have arisen over unequal distribution of benefits. Recent adoption of the Blue Growth Strategy represents an additional challenge for EU fisheries, since it encourages new alternative economic activities. The present analysis aims to identify ways of enhancing the sustainability of EU fisheries while achieving greater equity in resource distribution and maintaining the activity of the fishing industry, an important staple of many coastal communities in the EU. To this end, the study decomposes heterogeneity amongst per capita landing rates of EU Member States. A number of findings from the decompositions used may be highlighted. Firstly, most of the heterogeneity in per-capita landing rates between Member States occurs within the main EU fishing areas, especially FAO Areas 27 and 37. Secondly, fishing production factors affect per-capita landing heterogeneity to a different extent in Areas 27 and 37. The only exception is the number of fishers, the factor contributing most to heterogeneity in both areas. Technological factors appear to diminish heterogeneity in Area 27 whilst positively contributing to heterogeneity in Area 37. More efficient fleet adjustments could be designed taking into account these contributions by production factors to heterogeneity within fisheries.

自然资源的分配被认为是确保保护政策成功的一个关键方面。欧盟（EU）实施的共同渔业政策是海洋环境可持续性长期国际合作的一个例子。尽管如此，该政策在恢复鱼类种群方面的有效性不足以及因利益分配不均而引起的紧张局势威胁到该政策的继续执行。最近通过的蓝色增长战略对欧盟渔业构成了额外的挑战，因为它鼓励了新的替代经济活动。本分析旨在确定提高欧盟渔业可持续性的方法，同时实现资源分配的更大公平和维持渔业活动，欧盟许多沿海社区的重要组成部分。为此，该研究分解了欧盟成员国人均着陆率之间的异质性。可以强调使用的分解的许多发现。首先，成员国之间人均上岸率的异质性大部分发生在欧盟主要渔区，尤其是FAO 27和37区。其次，渔业生产因素对27和37区的人均上岸率异质性影响不同. 唯一的例外是渔民的数量，这是造成两个地区异质性最大的因素。技术因素似乎减少了 27 区的异质性，同时积极促进了 37 区的异质性。