As a typical industrial biomass waste which has high moisture and nitrogen content, herb residue (HR) causes raising attention. Microwave pyrolysis for integrated with in-situ reforming was proposed for clean syngas production from HR. Effects of microwave heating, reaction temperature and types of catalysts were investigated, and the tar elimination and nitrous oxides controlling performance were evaluated. Comparatively, microwave showed more enhancement on tar elimination than conventional heating due to the hot spots and microwave plasma effects. With the combined effects of microwave and nickel-based catalyst, the highest tar reduction as 74% was obtained, and the gas production was also improved by 143%. Moreover, the nitrous oxides emission could be reduced by 37%. Microwave heating tests of HR with different moisture contents were also conducted. Microwave was appeared more suitable for treating moist HR because the interactions between microwave and water could not only facilitate the heating process, but also attribute to clean syngas production. Moreover, the mechanisms of permanent gas releases and nitrous oxides reduction by catalysts were revealed by Thermogravimetry-Mass Spectrum-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (TG-MS-FTIR). This work provided a fundamental insight into microwave processing of HR, and presented a comprehensive evaluation on the pollutant elimination.

作为典型的高水分和高氮含量的工业生物质废物，药草残渣（HR）引起了人们的关注。与原位集成的微波热解建议重整用于从 HR 生产清洁合成气。研究了微波加热、反应温度和催化剂类型的影响，并评估了焦油消除和一氧化二氮控制性能。相比之下，由于热点和微波等离子体效应，微波在焦油去除方面表现出比传统加热更大的增强作用。在微波和镍基催化剂的共同作用下，焦油减少率最高，达到74%，产气量也提高了143%。此外，一氧化二氮的排放量可以减少 37%。还进行了具有不同水分含量的 HR 的微波加热测试。微波似乎更适合治疗湿热，因为微波和水之间的相互作用不仅可以促进加热过程，但也归因于清洁的合成气生产。此外，通过热重-质谱-傅立叶变换红外光谱（TG-MS-FTIR）揭示了催化剂永久性气体释放和一氧化二氮还原的机制。这项工作提供了对 HR 微波处理的基本见解，并对污染物消除进行了综合评估。