Previous literatures revealed that gamma rays have an increasing effect on salt tolerance in different plants. In vitro experiment was conducted to study the effect of gamma rays (20 Gray) on salt tolerance of four potato cultivars (Lady Rosetta, Diamante, Gold, and Santana). Gamma-treated Santana plantlets were more tolerant to salinity as compared to other cultivars. It showed a significant increment of fresh weight (250% over the untreated). Gamma-treated plantlets of Lady Rosetta, Diamante, and Gold showed higher activity of peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO). Isoenzymes analysis showed an absence of POD 3, 4, and 5 in Gold plantlets. The dye of most PODs and PPOs bands were denser (more active) in gamma-treated plantlets of Santana as compared to other cultivars. Both gamma-treated and untreated plantlets showed the absence of PPO1 in Lady Rosetta and Diamante, and PPO 3, 4, and 5 in Gold plantlets. Genetic marker analysis using ISSR with six different primers showed obvious unique negative and positive bands with different base pairs in mutant plantlets as compared to the control, according to primer sequence and potato genotype. The 14A primer was an efficient genetic marker between mutated and unmutated potato genotypes. Santana had a unique fingerprint in the 1430-pb site, which can be a selectable marker for the cultivar. An increment in genetic distance between Gold cultivar and others proved that the mutation was induced because of gamma rays. We assume that irradiation of potato callus by 20-Gy gamma rays is an effective process for inducing salt resistance. However, this finding should be verified under field conditions.

中文翻译：

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γ辐照预处理对盐胁迫下马铃薯生化和分子响应的影响

以前的文献表明，伽马射线对不同植物的耐盐性有越来越大的影响。进行了体外实验以研究伽马射线（20 格雷）对四种马铃薯品种（Lady Rosetta、Diamante、Gold 和 Santana）耐盐性的影响。与其他栽培品种相比，经伽马处理的桑塔纳苗更耐盐。它显示出鲜重的显着增加（比未处理的高 250%）。经伽马处理的 Lady Rosetta、Diamante 和 Gold 幼苗显示出更高的过氧化物酶 (POD) 和多酚氧化酶 (PPO) 活性。同工酶分析表明，黄金植株中不存在 POD 3、4 和 5。与其他栽培品种相比，在经过伽马处理的桑塔纳小植株中，大多数 POD 和 PPO 条带的染料更密集（更活跃）。经γ 处理和未处理的植株均在Lady Rosetta 和Diamante 中显示不存在PPO1，在Gold 植株中不存在PPO 3、4 和5。根据引物序列和马铃薯基因型，使用 ISSR 和六种不同引物进行的遗传标记分析显示，与对照相比，突变植株中有明显独特的具有不同碱基对的阴性和阳性带。14A 引物是突变和未突变马铃薯基因型之间的有效遗传标记。桑塔纳在 1430-pb 位点上有一个独特的指纹，可以作为该品种的可选择标记。Gold 品种与其他品种之间遗传距离的增加证明，这种突变是由伽马射线引起的。我们假设用 20-Gy 伽马射线照射马铃薯愈伤组织是诱导抗盐性的有效过程。然而，