In this experimental research, a label-free sensing strategy is developed and employed to detect adenosine triphosphate with utilization of aptamers, including exonuclease I and SYBR Gold. The conformation of aptamers bonding to the specific target molecule (ATP) is transformed into an antiparallel G-quadruplex structure from a random coil. Afterwards, considering the unfolded aptamers are the preferred substrates for exonuclease I, the addition of exonuclease I is used so as to digest unfolded aptamers in the mixture in a selective manner. In the follow-up study, in order to strengthen the fluorescence intensity, SYBR Gold is applied as a fluorescent probe. The aptasensor presents the features of high selectivity against adenosine triphosphate and the low detecting limit of concentrations (39.2 nM). In order to verify the validation of experimental procedures and the practical application of the aptasensor, the detection of adenosine triphosphate for human serum samples is performed with satisfactory success. The recovery result with the range of 93.8%–108.1% is desirable and suggests that the designed approach is applicable. The outcomes of the cellular adenosine triphosphate assay manifest that the level of adenosine triphosphate concentrations in cell extracts can be monitored without the interference of other substances in the cells. Subject to its advantageous benefits (cost-effective, easiness, rapidity, and extraordinary selectivity), the designed approach has a promising implication for adenosine triphosphate detection in the research domain of bioanalytical science and biology.

在这项实验研究中，开发了一种无标记传感策略，并利用适配体（包括核酸外切酶 I 和 SYBR Gold）检测三磷酸腺苷。与特定靶分子 (ATP) 结合的适体构象从无规卷曲转化为反平行的 G-四链体结构。之后，考虑到未折叠的适配体是核酸外切酶I的优选底物，加入核酸外切酶I以选择性地消化混合物中未折叠的适配体。在后续研究中，为了加强荧光强度，使用SYBR Gold作为荧光探针。适体传感器具有对三磷酸腺苷的高选择性和低检测浓度 (39.2 nM) 的特点。为了验证实验程序的有效性和适体传感器的实际应用，人血清样品中三磷酸腺苷的检测取得了令人满意的成功。93.8%~108.1% 范围内的回收率结果是可取的，表明设计的方法是适用的。细胞三磷酸腺苷测定的结果表明，可以监测细胞提取物中三磷酸腺苷浓度的水平，而不受细胞中其他物质的干扰。由于其优势优势（成本效益、简便性、快速性和非凡的选择性），所设计的方法对于生物分析科学和生物学研究领域中的三磷酸腺苷检测具有广阔的应用前景。