Customs activity during the 1690s has mainly been studied from a fiscal-military perspective that attributes administrative growth and bureaucratic efficiency to the rise of fiscal necessities in the wake of the Nine Years’ War. This article challenges that view with a focus on the one truly momentous change of the Customs during the 1690s: the establishment of a preventive coastal police. Changes in the Customs were occasioned not primarily by fiscal concerns but resulted from the government's preoccupation with Jacobitism and the successful lobbying of Parliament by the wool interest. As the politics of the wool ban before 1689 demonstrate, coastal policing was a losing bargain in fiscal terms and mainly reflected the interests of certain sections of the merchant community. Fiscal pressures alone do not, therefore, explain the fundamental reform of the Customs in the wake of the Glorious Revolution. The beginnings of systematic coastal policing are instead linked to the rise of Parliament and anti-Jacobite precautions of William III's government. The article offers a new, coherent picture of such changes and calls into question the validity of a central assumption about the rise of the fiscal-military state in Britain after the Glorious Revolution, suggesting a more complicated explanation for fiscal reforms.

1690 年代的海关活动主要从财政-军事的角度进行研究，将行政增长和官僚效率归因于九年战争后财政必需品的增加。本文挑战这一观点，重点关注 1690 年代海关真正重大的变化：建立预防性海岸警察。引起海关变化的主要原因不是财政问题，而是政府对雅各主义的关注以及羊毛利益集团成功游说议会的结果。正如 1689 年之前羊毛禁令的政治所表明的那样，沿海警务在财政方面是一个失败的交易，主要反映了商人社区某些部分的利益。因此，单靠财政压力并不能 解释光荣革命后海关的根本改革。相反，系统性沿海警务的开始与议会的兴起和威廉三世政府的反雅各布预防措施有关。这篇文章为这些变化提供了一个新的、连贯的画面，并对光荣革命后英国财政-军事国家崛起的核心假设的有效性提出了质疑，并提出了对财政改革的更复杂的解释。