Membrane distillation (MD) is a separation technology that is gaining increasing importance for desalination because of its optimal separation performance and its ability to treat highly concentrated saline solutions. Among all membrane morphological structures, hollow fibre (HF) exhibits some peculiar advantages, does not require any support to withstand the operation conditions and can be arranged in modules reaching high packing density and optimal fluid dynamics reducing both temperature and concentration polarization effects on MD desalination performance. In general, hollow fibre membranes are prepared by spinning a dope solution following different techniques. The HF membrane morphology can be tuned by modifying a large number of spinning conditions as well as by improving the membrane structure by preparing single layer, mixed matrix or dual layered hollow fibres. This review analyses the research studies developed so far on the design and preparation of different types of hollow fibres together with a critical evaluation of the effects of the involved preparation conditions on MD desalination performance, and some useful remarks to improve hollow fibre characteristics, desalination performance and thermal efficiency. Among the proposed HF for MD desalination, dual layered HF membranes exhibit high permeate fluxes up to 98.6 kg/m² h with good salt rejection factors.

膜蒸馏 (MD) 是一种分离技术，由于其最佳的分离性能和处理高浓度盐溶液的能力，在海水淡化中变得越来越重要。在所有膜形态结构中，中空纤维 (HF) 具有一些独特的优势，不需要任何支撑来承受操作条件，并且可以排列在模块中，达到高填充密度和最佳流体动力学，减少温度和浓差极化对 MD 脱盐的影响表现。通常，中空纤维膜是通过按照不同技术纺丝原液来制备的。HF 膜的形态可以通过修改大量的纺丝条件以及通过制备单层来改善膜结构来调整，混合基体或双层中空纤维。本综述分析了迄今为止在不同类型中空纤维的设计和制备方面开展的研究，并对所涉及的制备条件对 MD 脱盐性能的影响进行了批判性评估，以及一些有助于改善中空纤维特性、脱盐性能的有用评论。和热效率。在提议的用于 MD 脱盐的 HF 中，双层 HF 膜表现出高达 98.6 kg/m 的高渗透通量 脱盐性能和热效率。在提议的用于 MD 脱盐的 HF 中，双层 HF 膜表现出高达 98.6 kg/m 的高渗透通量 脱盐性能和热效率。在提议的用于 MD 脱盐的 HF 中，双层 HF 膜表现出高达 98.6 kg/m 的高渗透通量² 小时，具有良好的脱盐因子。