Conventional neurocognitive assessment does not account for the complex interplay between neurocognitive functions that gives rise to (goal-directed) behavior. This study aims to explore the value of the application of network analysis to individual neurocognitive data, in order to investigate neurocognitive network organization (i.e., the neurocognome). Participants were healthy young adults (N = 51, average age: 26 years [range: 18–34], 49% female) that underwent a single comprehensive neurocognitive assessment. To allow implementation of network analysis, we developed a new measure of connectivity between neurocognitive functions that can be calculated on a single neurocognitive assessment. Connectivity values between all possible pairs of neurocognitive functions were used to reconstruct individual neurocognitive networks. Graph theory was applied to extract measures of global and local network organization from neurocognitive networks at the individual level. The results confirmed the expectation that neurocognitive connectivity values should be higher for connections between neurocognitive functions that are more closely related (i.e., within neurocognitive domains) than for connections between neurocognitive functions that are less closely related (i.e., across neurocognitive domains). The results further showed that reconstruction of the neurocognitive network at the individual level has considerable agreement with a group-based approach, providing preliminary evidence for the validity of our approach. The reconstructed neurocognitive network also showed considerable consistency among (randomly selected) independent subgroups, supporting the stability of our approach. Lastly, neurocognitive network parameters were related to intelligence and behavior problems, reflecting relevance of neurocognitive network organization for other important domains of functioning. Moreover, local network parameters (i.e., the relative importance of neurocognitive functions in the network) may have stronger relevance for behavioral functioning than conventional measures of neurocognitive functioning (i.e., z-scores reflecting performance on individual neurocognitive tests). Taken together, this study indicates that analysis of individual neurocognitive network organization has potential value for neurocognitive assessment in research and clinical practice.

传统的神经认知评估并未考虑导致（目标导向）行为的神经认知功能之间复杂的相互作用。本研究旨在探讨网络分析对个体神经认知数据的应用价值，以研究神经认知网络组织（即神经认知组）。参与者是健康的年轻人（N = 51，平均年龄：26 岁 [范围：18-34]，49% 是女性），他们接受了一次全面的神经认知评估。为了实现网络分析，我们开发了一种新的神经认知功能之间的连通性度量，可以在单个神经认知评估上计算。所有可能的神经认知功能对之间的连通性值用于重建个体神经认知网络。图论被应用于从个体层面的神经认知网络中提取全局和局部网络组织的度量。结果证实了这样的预期：更密切相关的神经认知功能之间的连接（即，在神经认知域内）的神经认知连接值应该高于不太相关的神经认知功能之间的连接（即，跨神经认知域）。结果进一步表明，个体层面的神经认知网络重建与基于群体的方法具有相当大的一致性，为我们方法的有效性提供了初步证据。重建的神经认知网络在（随机选择的）独立子组之间也表现出相当大的一致性，支持我们方法的稳定性。最后，神经认知网络参数与智力和行为问题有关，反映了神经认知网络组织与其他重要功能领域的相关性。此外，局部网络参数（即网络中神经认知功能的相对重要性）与行为功能的相关性可能比传统的神经认知功能测量（即反映个体神经认知测试表现的 z 分数）更强。综上所述，本研究表明对个体神经认知网络组织的分析对于研究和临床实践中的神经认知评估具有潜在价值。反映神经认知网络组织与其他重要功能领域的相关性。此外，局部网络参数（即网络中神经认知功能的相对重要性）与行为功能的相关性可能比传统的神经认知功能测量（即反映个体神经认知测试表现的 z 分数）更强。综上所述，本研究表明对个体神经认知网络组织的分析对于研究和临床实践中的神经认知评估具有潜在价值。反映神经认知网络组织与其他重要功能领域的相关性。此外，局部网络参数（即网络中神经认知功能的相对重要性）与行为功能的相关性可能比传统的神经认知功能测量（即反映个体神经认知测试表现的 z 分数）更强。综上所述，本研究表明对个体神经认知网络组织的分析对于研究和临床实践中的神经认知评估具有潜在价值。神经认知功能在网络中的相对重要性）可能比传统的神经认知功能测量（即反映个体神经认知测试表现的 z 分数）与行为功能具有更强的相关性。综上所述，本研究表明对个体神经认知网络组织的分析对于研究和临床实践中的神经认知评估具有潜在价值。神经认知功能在网络中的相对重要性）可能比传统的神经认知功能测量（即反映个体神经认知测试表现的 z 分数）与行为功能具有更强的相关性。综上所述，本研究表明对个体神经认知网络组织的分析对于研究和临床实践中的神经认知评估具有潜在价值。