We present communication frameworks, models, and protocols of smart grid Internet of Things (IoT) networks based on the IEEE and IEC standards. The measurement, control, and monitoring of grid being achieved through phasor measurement unit (PMU) based wide area measurement (WAM) framework. The WAM framework applied the IEEE standard C37.118 phasor exchange protocol to collect grid data from various substation devices. The existing frameworks include the IEC 61850 protocol and programmable logic controllers (PLCs) based supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system. These protocols have been selected as per the smart grid configuration and communication design. However, the existing frameworks have severe synchronization errors due to the communication delays of IoT networks in the smart grid. Therefore, this article designs the timing mechanism and a delay model to reduce the timing delay and boost real-time measurement, monitoring, and control performance of the smart grid WAM applications. The result shows that the proposed model outperformed the existing WAM system.

中文翻译：

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智能电网物联网中广域测量系统通信延迟建模

我们介绍了基于 IEEE 和 IEC 标准的智能电网物联网 (IoT) 网络的通信框架、模型和协议。通过基于相量测量单元 (PMU) 的广域测量 (WAM) 框架实现对电网的测量、控制和监测。WAM 框架应用 IEEE 标准 C37.118 相量交换协议从各种变电站设备收集电网数据。现有框架包括 IEC 61850 协议和基于可编程逻辑控制器 (PLC) 的监控和数据采集 (SCADA) 系统。这些协议是根据智能电网配置和通信设计选择的。然而，由于智能电网中物联网网络的通信延迟，现有框架存在严重的同步错误。所以，本文设计了时序机制和延迟模型，以减少时序延迟，提高智能电网 WAM 应用的实时测量、监控和控制性能。结果表明，所提出的模型优于现有的 WAM 系统。