ABSTRACT

Advanced economies and several emerging market economies have had poor production growth for years. The problem has been address by economic and financial organizations. Faced with this, economic policies have been implemented to allow market mechanisms to operate and, to promote productive activity, including extraordinarily loose monetary policies. Central bank and government actions in the context of the pandemic are an extension of such previously applied policies. In the past, after the international financial crisis of 2008–9, these measures allowed banks to recover and for large companies to rely on significant profits. However, there was no significant growth in investment, let alone policies attempting to reduce social inequality. Such trajectories have gained strength during the pandemic.

摘要

多年来，发达经济体和几个新兴市场经济体的生产增长乏力。经济和金融组织已经解决了这个问题。面对这种情况，已经实施了经济政策以允许市场机制运作并促进生产活动，包括非常宽松的货币政策。中央银行和政府在大流行的背景下采取的行动是此类先前应用政策的延伸。过去，在 2008-9 年的国际金融危机之后，这些措施使银行得以复苏，并使大公司能够依靠可观的利润。然而，投资没有显着增长，更不用说试图减少社会不平等的政策。这种轨迹在大流行期间得到了加强。