A novel lead zinc titanate tungsten oxide (PbZn1∕3Ti1∕3W1∕3O3) single perovskite was synthesized employing a cost-effective solid-state reaction technique. A phase transition occurs from tetragonal (P4mm) to monoclinic (C2/m) after substituting zinc (Zn) and tungsten (W) into the B-site of the pure lead titanate. The average crystallite size and micro-lattice strain are 66.2nm and 0.159%, respectively, calculated by the Williamson–Hall method. The grains are uniformly distributed through well-defined grain boundaries and the average grain size is about 17.8μm analyzed from the SEM micrograph. Raman spectrum suggests the presence of all constituent elements in the sample. The UV–Visible study suggests that the sample is suitable for photovoltaic applications because of high bandgap energy Eg=4.17eV. The dielectric study confirms the negative temperature coefficient resistance (NTCR) behavior of the sample. The activation energy increases from 13.9meV to 142meV with a rise of temperature suggesting that ac conductivity is thermally activated. The thermally activated relaxation process was managed by immobile charge carriers at low temperatures while defects and oxygen vacancies at higher temperatures. The presence of the asymmetrical curves in modulus plots confirms the non-Debye-type behavior. Both Nyquist and Cole–Cole semi-circular arcs confirm the semiconductor nature of the sample.

中文翻译：

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用于光伏应用的锌和钨改性钛酸铅陶瓷的结构、电学和光学性能

一种新型钛酸铅锌氧化钨（PbZn1∕3钛1∕3W1∕3○3)采用具有成本效益的固态反应技术合成了单个钙钛矿。在将锌 (Zn) 和钨 (W) 置换到纯钛酸铅的 B 位后，会发生从四方 (P4mm) 到单斜晶 (C2/m) 的相变。平均微晶尺寸和微晶格应变为 66.2nm 和 0.159%，分别由 Williamson-Hall 方法计算。晶粒通过明确的晶界均匀分布，平均晶粒尺寸约为 17.8μm 从 SEM 显微照片分析。拉曼光谱表明样品中存在所有组成元素。紫外-可见光研究表明，由于带隙能量高，该样品适用于光伏应用乙G=4.17eV。介电研究证实了样品的负温度系数电阻 (NTCR) 行为。活化能从 13.9 增加毫伏至 142meV 随着温度的升高表明交流电导率被热激活。热激活弛豫过程由低温下的固定电荷载体管理，而高温下的缺陷和氧空位。模量图中不对称曲线的存在证实了非德拜型行为。Nyquist 和 Cole-Cole 半圆弧都证实了样品的半导体性质。