Can we predict the future by reading others’ minds? This study explores whether attributing others’ personality traits facilitates predictions about their future actions and the temporal order of these future actions. Prior evidence demonstrated that the posterior cerebellar crus is involved in identifying the temporal sequence of social actions and the person’s traits they imply. Based on this, we hypothesized that this area might also be recruited in the reverse process; that is, knowledge of another person’s personality traits supports predictions of temporal sequences of others’ actions. In this study, participants were informed about the trait of a person and then had to select actions that were consistent with this information and arrange them in the most likely temporal order. As hypothesized, the posterior cerebellar crus 1 and crus 2 were strongly activated when compared to a control task which involved only the selection of actions (without temporal ordering) or which depicted non-social objects and their characteristics. Our findings highlight the important function of the posterior cerebellar crus in the prediction of social action sequences in social understanding.

中文翻译：

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社会思维是为了做事：小脑后部支持基于人格特征的社会行为预测

我们可以通过读懂别人的想法来预测未来吗？本研究探讨了归因于他人的人格特征是否有助于预测他们未来的行为以及这些未来行为的时间顺序。先前的证据表明，小脑后小腿参与识别社会行为的时间顺序及其暗示的人的特征。基于此，我们假设该区域也可能在相反的过程中被招募；也就是说，对他人性格特征的了解支持对他人行为时间序列的预测。在这项研究中，参与者被告知一个人的特征，然后必须选择与这些信息一致的行动，并按照最可能的时间顺序安排它们。正如假设的那样，与仅涉及动作选择（无时间顺序）或描绘非社交对象及其特征的控制任务相比，后小脑小腿 1 和小腿 2 被强烈激活。我们的研究结果强调了小脑后小腿在预测社会理解中的社会行为序列中的重要功能。