Background and Objective: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by failure of spontaneous resolution of inflammation with lifetime perseverance, becoming principal cause of inactivity. Many conventional therapies are in use but the side effects associated with them are equally problematic. Therefore, an urge to explore advanced therapeutic approaches with least adverse events has seeded the idea of discovering newer herbal drugs and their respective constituents in management of RA. The current research explores anti-arthritic activity of Terminalia catappa fruits hydroalcoholic extract in CFA induced Wistar rats.

Methods: The fruits were obtained, washed, dried and processed to obtain hydroalcoholic powdered extract which was dissolved in water and given orally to the rats. Wistar rats of either sex were used in the study. The animals were injected with 0.1 ml of complete freund’s adjuvant (CFA) in footpad of left hind paw. The treatment was initiated from day 0 by oral dosing of Terminalia catappa fruit extract in doses of 40 mg/kg and 80 mg/kg followed by CFA administration to day 21 and behavioral, hematological parameters besides histopathological screening were assessed simultaneously.

Results: The arthritic symptoms were observed to gradually decrease in treatment groups when compared against disease control groups. The parameters like body weight and pain latency were increased whereas paw volume and arthritic score were found to significantly decrease in treatment groups as compared to disease control group. The hematological parameters were also modified and were studied in treatment groups. The histopathological estimation depicted extent of damage in joint tissue of diseased rat comparable to normal, standard and combination therapy group.

Conclusion: The fruits possess anti-arthritic properties and significantly reduced paw volume, arthritic score and increased pain threshold and body weight gain besides theory hematological effects like increase in Hb and RBC and decrease in WBC, platelets and ESR levels simultaneously. The histopathological estimation confirmed decreased deterioration of joint tissue in treatment groups as compared to disease control group hence proving to be an emerging therapeutic option in management of RA.

背景与目的：类风湿性关节炎（RA）是一种自身免疫性疾病，其特征是炎症不能自发消退，终生坚持不懈，成为不活动的主要原因。许多传统疗法正在使用中，但与之相关的副作用同样存在问题。因此，探索具有最少不良事件的先进治疗方法的冲动催生了在 RA 管理中发现新草药及其各自成分的想法。目前的研究探索了榄仁树果实水醇提取物在 CFA 诱导的 Wistar 大鼠中的抗关节炎活性。

方法：取果实，洗净，晒干，加工成水醇粉状提取物，溶于水后口服给大鼠。研究中使用了任一性别的 Wistar 大鼠。在动物左后爪的足垫中注射0.1ml完全弗氏佐剂(CFA)。从第 0 天开始，以 40 mg/kg 和 80 mg/kg 的剂量口服榄仁树果实提取物，然后施用 CFA 至第 21 天，同时评估除组织病理学筛查外的行为、血液学参数。

结果：与疾病对照组相比，治疗组的关节炎症状逐渐减轻。与疾病对照组相比，治疗组的体重和疼痛潜伏期等参数增加，而爪体积和关节炎评分显着降低。血液学参数也被修改并在治疗组中进行研究。组织病理学估计描述了与正常、标准和联合治疗组相当的患病大鼠关节组织的损伤程度。

结论：水果具有抗关节炎特性，显着降低爪体积、关节炎评分，增加疼痛阈值和体重增加，同时具有理论上的血液学作用，如增加 Hb 和 RBC，同时降低 WBC、血小板和 ESR 水平。组织病理学评估证实，与疾病对照组相比，治疗组中关节组织的退化减少，因​​此证明是治疗 RA 的新兴治疗选择。