Abstract

Based on the equations of the classical linear theory of elasticity, a model problem of the stress-strain state of an elastic cylinder simulating a meteoroid falling in the atmosphere with a thin surface layer heated due to thermal loads is formulated and analytically solved. The influence of an inhomogeneous temperature field on this process is isolated and separately investigated within the linear formulation of the problem. The maximum shear stresses are calculated for two cases of heating this layer, corresponding to a rapidly rotating cylinder and one moving without rotation, exceeding the critical value of the strength of its material. Over the past decade, astronomers have identified several dozen small decameter-sized bodies of the solar system, which have sufficiently high initial periods of rotation even in outer space. The features of the mechanisms of the formation of the surface relief of precipitating meteoroids of various types for these cases are revealed. Thus, rapidly rotating meteoroids, subject to the peeling effect—dropping off of a thin heated outer layer—fell out in the form of meteorites with a smooth surface structure. For those that fell progressively, the meteorites had a sculptural surface relief covered with regmaglypts generated by Görtler vortices.

中文翻译：

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模拟在热因子影响下流星体表面层的破坏机制

摘要

在经典线性弹性理论方程的基础上，建立了一个模拟陨石坠落到大气中的弹性圆柱体应力应变状态的模型问题，该流星体表面薄层因热载荷而被加热。不均匀温度场对该过程的影响在问题的线性公式中被隔离和单独研究。最大剪切应力是针对加热该层的两种情况计算的，对应于快速旋转的圆柱体和不旋转的移动，超过其材料强度的临界值。在过去的十年中，天文学家已经确定了数十个十米大小的太阳系小天体，即使在外层空间它们也具有足够高的初始自转周期。揭示了这些情况下各种类型的降水流星体表面起伏形成机制的特征。因此，快速旋转的流星体受到剥离效应——从加热的薄外层脱落——以具有光滑表面结构的陨石的形式掉落。对于那些逐渐下落的陨石，陨石的表面浮雕上覆盖着由 Görtler 涡流产生的 regmaglypts。