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Porous Silicon Carbide (SiC): A Chance for Improving Catalysts or Just Another Active-Phase Carrier?
Chemical Reviews ( IF 51.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-13 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00269
Giulia Tuci 1 , Yuefeng Liu 2 , Andrea Rossin 1 , Xiangyun Guo 3 , Charlotte Pham 4 , Giuliano Giambastiani 1, 5 , Cuong Pham-Huu 5
Affiliation  

There is an obvious gap between efforts dedicated to the control of chemicophysical and morphological properties of catalyst active phases and the attention paid to the search of new materials to be employed as functional carriers in the upgrading of heterogeneous catalysts. Economic constraints and common habits in preparing heterogeneous catalysts have narrowed the selection of active-phase carriers to a handful of materials: oxide-based ceramics (e.g. Al2O3, SiO2, TiO2, and aluminosilicates–zeolites) and carbon. However, these carriers occasionally face chemicophysical constraints that limit their application in catalysis. For instance, oxides are easily corroded by acids or bases, and carbon is not resistant to oxidation. Therefore, these carriers cannot be recycled. Moreover, the poor thermal conductivity of metal oxide carriers often translates into permanent alterations of the catalyst active sites (i.e. metal active-phase sintering) that compromise the catalyst performance and its lifetime on run. Therefore, the development of new carriers for the design and synthesis of advanced functional catalytic materials and processes is an urgent priority for the heterogeneous catalysis of the future. Silicon carbide (SiC) is a non-oxide semiconductor with unique chemicophysical properties that make it highly attractive in several branches of catalysis. Accordingly, the past decade has witnessed a large increase of reports dedicated to the design of SiC-based catalysts, also in light of a steadily growing portfolio of porous SiC materials covering a wide range of well-controlled pore structure and surface properties. This review article provides a comprehensive overview on the synthesis and use of macro/mesoporous SiC materials in catalysis, stressing their unique features for the design of efficient, cost-effective, and easy to scale-up heterogeneous catalysts, outlining their success where other and more classical oxide-based supports failed. All applications of SiC in catalysis will be reviewed from the perspective of a given chemical reaction, highlighting all improvements rising from the use of SiC in terms of activity, selectivity, and process sustainability. We feel that the experienced viewpoint of SiC-based catalyst producers and end users (these authors) and their critical presentation of a comprehensive overview on the applications of SiC in catalysis will help the readership to create its own opinion on the central role of SiC for the future of heterogeneous catalysis.

中文翻译:

多孔碳化硅 (SiC):改进催化剂或只是另一种活性相载体的机会?

致力于控制催化剂活性相的化学物理和形态性质的努力与寻找可用作多相催化剂升级的功能载体的新材料之间存在明显差距。制备非均相催化剂的经济限制和普遍习惯已将活性相载体的选择范围缩小到少数几种材料:氧化物基陶瓷(例如Al 2 O 3、SiO 2、TiO 2和铝硅酸盐-沸石)和碳。然而,这些载体偶尔会面临化学物理限制,限制了它们在催化中的应用。例如,氧化物容易被酸或碱腐蚀,碳不耐氧化。因此,这些载体无法回收。此外,金属氧化物载体较差的导热性通常会转化为催化剂活性位点的永久性改变(. 金属活性相烧结),这会损害催化剂的性能及其运行寿命。因此,开发用于设计和合成先进功能催化材料和工艺的新载体是未来多相催化的当务之急。碳化硅 (SiC) 是一种非氧化物半导体,具有独特的化学物理特性,使其在催化的多个分支中极具吸引力。因此,过去十年见证了专门设计 SiC 基催化剂的报告大量增加,这也是鉴于多孔 SiC 材料组合的稳步增长,涵盖了广泛的良好控制的孔结构和表面特性。这篇综述文章全面概述了大孔/中孔 SiC 材料在催化中的合成和使用,强调了它们在设计高效、具有成本效益和易于放大的非均相催化剂方面的独特功能,并概述了它们在其他更经典的氧化物载体失败的情况下取得的成功。将从给定化学反应的角度回顾 SiC 在催化中的所有应用,重点介绍 SiC 在活性、选择性和工艺可持续性方面的所有改进。我们认为,基于 SiC 的催化剂生产商和最终用户(这些作者)的经验丰富的观点,以及他们对 SiC 在催化中应用的全面概述的批判性介绍,将有助于读者对 SiC 在催化领域的核心作用形成自己的看法。多相催化的未来。并且易于放大非均相催化剂,概述了它们在其他更经典的基于氧化物的载体失败的情况下取得的成功。将从给定化学反应的角度回顾 SiC 在催化中的所有应用,重点介绍 SiC 在活性、选择性和工艺可持续性方面的所有改进。我们认为,基于 SiC 的催化剂生产商和最终用户(这些作者)的经验丰富的观点,以及他们对 SiC 在催化中应用的全面概述的批判性介绍,将有助于读者对 SiC 在催化领域的核心作用形成自己的看法。多相催化的未来。并且易于放大非均相催化剂,概述了它们在其他更经典的基于氧化物的载体失败的情况下取得的成功。将从给定化学反应的角度回顾 SiC 在催化中的所有应用,重点介绍 SiC 在活性、选择性和工艺可持续性方面的所有改进。我们认为,基于 SiC 的催化剂生产商和最终用户(这些作者)的经验丰富的观点,以及他们对 SiC 在催化中应用的全面概述的批判性介绍,将有助于读者对 SiC 在催化领域的核心作用形成自己的看法。多相催化的未来。将从给定化学反应的角度回顾 SiC 在催化中的所有应用,重点介绍 SiC 在活性、选择性和工艺可持续性方面的所有改进。我们认为,基于 SiC 的催化剂生产商和最终用户(这些作者)的经验丰富的观点,以及他们对 SiC 在催化中应用的全面概述的批判性介绍,将有助于读者对 SiC 在催化领域的核心作用形成自己的看法。多相催化的未来。将从给定化学反应的角度回顾 SiC 在催化中的所有应用,重点介绍 SiC 在活性、选择性和工艺可持续性方面的所有改进。我们认为,基于 SiC 的催化剂生产商和最终用户(这些作者)的经验丰富的观点,以及他们对 SiC 在催化中应用的全面概述的批判性介绍,将有助于读者对 SiC 在催化领域的核心作用形成自己的看法。多相催化的未来。
更新日期:2021-09-08
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