ABSTRACT The following text is a large fragment of the lectures on heresy that Leszek Kołakowski (1927–2009) gave between November 1982 and February 1983 on the Polish radio station Radio Free Europe. These lectures have never been published in English. They were only published under the title ‘Herezja’ in Poland after the author’s death in 2010 by the publishing company Znak. Kołakowski raises the universal and timeless issues of tolerance, ideological struggles, protection of doctrine by religious institutions and the changing attitude of the Catholic Church towards heretical challenges (tackling them and attempting to annex and colonize certain ideas). The concept of heresy is an opportunity to describe the history of ideological conflicts, show how they arise and how they can be resolved. The story of struggle between dogmatists and heretics is an endless story of changing social order and giving new shapes to the reality created by people and their ideas. Kołakowski points out that any doctrinal, political or ideological system must allow for criticism and otherness. Nearly 40 years after these lectures were given, they retain a special freshness in the context of the political, ideological and social crisis that Europe is experiencing in the early twenty-first century.

中文翻译：

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Leszek Kołakowski 论异端

摘要 以下文本是 Leszek Kołakowski（1927-2009）在 1982 年 11 月至 1983 年 2 月期间在波兰自由欧洲电台发表的关于异端邪说的演讲的大片段。这些讲座从未以英文出版过。在作者于 2010 年去世后，它们才由 Znak 出版公司以“Herezja”的名义在波兰出版。Kołakowski 提出了宽容、意识形态斗争、宗教机构对教义的保护以及天主教会对异端挑战（应对这些挑战并试图吞并和殖民某些思想）不断变化的态度等普遍而永恒的问题。异端的概念是描述意识形态冲突历史的机会，展示它们如何产生以及如何解决。教条主义者和异教徒之间的斗争故事是一个不断改变社会秩序并赋予人们及其思想创造的现实新形态的永无止境的故事。Kołakowski 指出，任何教义、政治或意识形态体系都必须允许批评和差异化。在这些讲座发表近 40 年后，它们在欧洲在 21 世纪初经历的政治、意识形态和社会危机的背景下仍保持着一种特别的新鲜感。