A recently developed energy flux diagnosis scheme, which incorporates a smooth connection between the tropical and subtropical zones, is used in the present study to investigate vertically propagating waves in the tropical Indian Ocean (IO) based on the result of a linear, continuously stratified ocean model driven by climatological wind forcing. This extended diagnosis reveals deep-reaching eastward energy fluxes at the equator which develop four times per year and are associated with equatorial Kelvin waves (KWs) generated by semiannual winds. The authors find that the downward transfer of wave energy is particularly deep in the southern Bay of Bengal (SBoB). This downward flux is attributed to off-equatorial Rossby waves and appears four times per year, maximizing its amplitude during November–December. Southwesterly winds in the Arabian Sea intensify eastward energy flux of KWs at mid-depth, which maximizes in amplitude in August. This is contrastive to KW energy flux at the surface which peaks in May. These mid-depth equatorial KW packets subsequently arrive at the eastern boundary of the IO and are diffracted poleward to produce downward energy flux in November and December detected in the SBoB.

最近开发的能量通量诊断方​​案结合了热带和亚热带区域之间的平滑连接，在本研究中用于基于线性、连续分层海洋的结果调查热带印度洋 (IO) 中垂直传播的波浪由气候风强迫驱动的模型。这一扩展诊断揭示了赤道的深层向东能量通量，每年发展四次，并与半年风产生的赤道开尔文波 (KW) 相关。作者发现，在孟加拉湾 (SBoB) 南部，波浪能的向下转移特别深。这种向下的通量归因于赤道外的罗斯比波，每年出现四次，在 11 月至 12 月期间幅度最大。阿拉伯海的西南风增强了 KWs 在中深度的东向能量通量，其振幅在 8 月达到最大。这与在 5 月达到峰值的地表 KW 能量通量形成对比。这些中深度赤道 KW 数据包随后到达 IO 的东部边界，并向极地衍射，以在 11 月和 12 月在 SBoB 中检测到向下的能量通量。