Growth and health status of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) (170.46 ± 1.16 g) fed diets containing 50 mg kg⁻¹ vitamin E (control), 250 mg kg⁻¹ vitamin E, 500 mg kg⁻¹ probiotic (Bacillus lichiniformis + Bacillus subtilis each at 10⁸ cfu g⁻¹), 50 mg kg⁻¹ astaxanthin and 500 mg kg⁻¹ rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) extract were assessed for 4 months. No significant differences were seen in growth performance among treatments and between treatments and control (p > 0.05). The highest values of protein and lipid efficiency ratios were observed in 250 mg vitamin E, astaxanthin and rosemary trails. Probiotic trail demonstrated lower activity of liver superoxide dismutase (p < 0.05), while rosemary trail was superior (p < 0.05). Vitamin E trail exhibited an improvement in liver glutathione peroxidase compared to other treatments (p < 0.05), while catalase activity was insignificant among the treatments. Total leucocytes, neutrophil, red blood cells and haemoglobulin were insignificantly higher in fish fed probiotic and rosemary than other treatments. The lowest and the highest levels of activity of alanine aminotransferase in fish liver were measured in fish fed diets astaxanthin and control fish, respectively (p < 0.05), while no difference was seen in aspartate aminotransferase (p > 0.05). Fish fed with bacilli probiotic and rosemary extract resulted in higher survival rates compared to other treatments. Overall, these data exhibited that application of diets containing 50 mg vitamin E plus each rosemary extract (50 mg kg⁻¹) or bacilli probiotic (500 mg kg⁻¹) could be effective in maintaining health status of rainbow trout.

中文翻译：

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含或不含益生菌、虾青素或迷迭香提取物的维生素 E 对虹鳟鱼 (Oncorhynchus mykiss) 生长性能、存活率、血液学参数、抗氧化活性和肝酶的功效

虹鳟鱼 ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) (170.46 ± 1.16 g) 的生长和健康状况饲喂含有 50 mg kg ^-1维生素 E（对照）、250 mg kg ^-1维生素 E、500 mg kg ^-1益生菌（地衣芽孢杆菌 + 芽孢 杆菌）的饮食对每种 10 ⁸  cfu g ^-1 )、50 mg kg ^-1虾青素和 500 mg kg ^-1迷迭香 ( Rosmarinus officinalis ) 提取物的枯草进行了 4 个月的评估。各处理间以及处理与对照之间的生长性能无显着差异（p > 0.05）。在 250 毫克维生素 E、虾青素和迷迭香中观察到蛋白质和脂质效率比的最高值。益生菌试验证明肝脏超氧化物歧化酶的活性较低 ( p  < 0.05)，而迷迭香试验效果更好 ( p  < 0.05)。与其他治疗相比，维生素 E 试验表现出肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的改善（p  < 0.05），而过氧化氢酶活性在治疗中不显着。与其他处理相比，益生菌和迷迭香喂养的鱼的总白细胞、中性粒细胞、红细胞和血红蛋白略高。分别在饲喂虾青素和对照鱼的鱼中测定了鱼肝中丙氨酸转氨酶活性的最低和最高水平。p  < 0.05），而天冬氨酸转氨酶没有差异（p  > 0.05）。与其他处理相比，用杆菌益生菌和迷迭香提取物喂养的鱼的存活率更高。总体而言，这些数据表明，应用含有 50 毫克维生素 E 加上每种迷迭香提取物（50 毫克 kg ^-1）或杆菌益生菌（500 毫克 kg ^-1）的饮食可有效维持虹鳟鱼的健康状况。