The global brachiopod palaeobiogeography of the Mississippian is divided into three realms, six regions, and eight provinces, while that of the Pennsylvanian is divided into three realms, six regions, and nine provinces. On this basis, we examined coevolutionary relationships between brachiopod palaeobiogeography and tectonopalaeogeography using a comparative approach spanning the Carboniferous. The appearance of the Boreal Realm in the Mississippian was closely related to movements of the northern plates into middle–high latitudes. From the Mississippian to the Pennsylvanian, the palaeobiogeography of Australia transitioned from the Tethys Realm to the Gondwana Realm, which is related to the southward movement of eastern Gondwana from middle to high southern latitudes. The transition of the Yukon–Pechora area from the Tethys Realm to the Boreal Realm was associated with the northward movement of Laurussia, whose northern margin entered middle–high northern latitudes then. The formation of the six palaeobiogeographic regions of Mississippian and Pennsylvanian brachiopods was directly related to “continental barriers”, which resulted in the geographical isolation of each region. The barriers resulted from the configurations of Siberia, Gondwana, and Laurussia, which supported the Boreal, Tethys, and Gondwana realms, respectively. During the late Late Devonian–Early Mississippian, the Rheic seaway closed and North America (from Laurussia) joined with South America and Africa (from Gondwana), such that the function of “continental barriers” was strengthened and the differentiation of eastern and western regions of the Tethys Realm became more distinct. In the Barents Ocean tectonic domain during the Pennsylvanian, the brachiopods on the northern margin of the Barents Ocean formed the Verkhoyansk–Taymyr Province, while those on the southern margin formed the Yukon–Pechora Province. The Mongolia–Okhotsk Province was formed by brachiopods of the Mongolia–Okhotsk Ocean tectonic domain. The Northern Margin of the Palaeo-Tethys Ocean Province and the Southern Margin of the Palaeo-Tethys Ocean Province were formed, respectively, by brachiopods on the northern and southern margins of the Palaeo-Tethys Ocean tectonic domain. South China and Southeast Asia were dissociated from the major continental blocks mentioned above, and formed the South China Province.

中文翻译：

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石炭纪全球腕足动物古生物地理学与构造古地理学的共同演化

密西西比人的全球腕足类古生物地理学分为三界、六区和八省，而宾夕法尼亚人的腕足动物古生物地理学分为三界、六区和九省。在此基础上，我们使用跨越石炭纪的比较方法研究了腕足动物古生物地理学和构造古地理学之间的共同进化关系。密西西比州北部地区的出现与北部板块向中高纬度的运动密切相关。从密西西比纪到宾夕法尼亚纪，澳大利亚古生物地理学从特提斯界过渡到冈瓦纳界，这与冈瓦纳东部从中纬度向南高纬度的南移有关。育空-伯朝拉地区从特提斯界向北方界的过渡与劳鲁士的北移有关，当时劳鲁士的北缘进入了北纬中高纬。密西西比和宾夕法尼亚腕足类六个古生物地理区域的形成与“大陆屏障”直接相关，导致了各个区域的地理隔离。这些障碍是由分别支持北方、特提斯和冈瓦纳王国的西伯利亚、冈瓦纳和劳鲁西亚的配置造成的。在晚泥盆世至早密西西比纪期间，莱伊克海道关闭，北美洲（来自劳鲁士）与南美洲和非洲（来自冈瓦纳）汇合，从而强化了“大陆屏障”的功能，特提斯王国东西部地区的分化更加明显。在宾夕法尼亚时期的巴伦支洋构造域中，巴伦支洋北缘的腕足类动物形成了维尔霍扬斯克-泰米尔省，而南缘的腕足类动物则形成了育空-伯朝拉省。蒙古-鄂霍次克省由蒙古-鄂霍次克洋构造域的腕足动物形成。古特提斯洋省北缘和古特提斯洋省南缘分别由古特提斯洋构造域北缘和南缘的腕足动物形成。华南和东南亚脱离了上述主要大陆块，