Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) affects 10–20% of the individuals over the age of 65; this proportion being higher in the institutional care facilities than within a general population. To assess whether dual-task cost in the individuals affected by MCI depends exclusively on gait, or possibly some other functional capacity components might also come into play, as compared to the healthy controls also remaining in the institutional care. The study was conducted in five nursing facilities, involving 88 subjects in total, i.e. 44 subjects affected by MCI (mean age of 83.8 years; 34 women (77.3%) and 10 men (22.7%), and 44 healthy controls (mean age 81.67 years; 38 women (84.4%) and 7 men (15.6%). Cognitive functions were assessed through Mini–Mental State Examination (MMSE), while gait by Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT). Gait speed was calculated by the 10 Meter Walk Test, and the fear of falling with the Falls Efficacy Scale International. Dual tasks were assessed by TUGTMAN (Timed Up and Go Test Manual) and TUGCOG (Timed Up and Go Test Cognitive). Dual Task Cost (DTC) of TUGTMAN and TUGTCOG was established. Statistical analyses were completed with STATISTICA Package v. 10. Individuals affected by MCI differed significantly from the unaffected ones with regard to their gait test results, when assigned a single-task activity, and dual-task activities, as well as in the gait speed. Dual Task Cost Manual (DTCMAN) in the MCI group was significantly higher, as compared to the subjects unaffected by MCI. Around 25% of the variance of DTCMAN result regarding the MCI group was accounted for by gait performance in the single-task conditions (TUGT). In the case of Dual Task Cost Cognitive (DTCCOG), this value equalled to approx. 10%. A 1% change in DTCMAN corresponded to approx. 0.5 s change in TUGT, whereas a 1% change in DTCCOG entailed approx. 0.35 s change in TUGT walking time. Individual functional capacity affected the dual-task performance, especially the motor-motor tasks. Dual-task cost in the subjects affected by MCI was significantly reduced, being more dependent on the gait speed in the motor-motor tasks, which entailed visual memory, than in the motor-cognitive tasks.

中文翻译：

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受轻度认知障碍影响和未受影响的机构化老年人的功能能力和双重任务成本

轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 影响 10-20% 的 65 岁以上的人；机构护理设施中的这一比例高于一般人群中的比例。评估受 MCI 影响的个体的双重任务成本是否完全取决于步态，或者与仍留在机构护理中的健康对照相比，其他一些功能能力组件也可能发挥作用。该研究在五家护理机构进行，共涉及 88 名受试者，即 44 名受 MCI 影响的受试者（平均年龄 83.8 岁；34 名女性（77.3%）和 10 名男性（22.7%），以及 44 名健康对照者（平均年龄 81.67 岁）年；38 名女性 (84.4%) 和 7 名男性 (15.6%)。认知功能通过简易精神状态检查 (MMSE) 进行评估，而步态通过定时起床测试 (TUGT) 进行评估。步态速度是通过 10 米步行测试和跌倒恐惧度计算的。双任务由 TUGTMAN（Timed Up and Go Test Manual）和 TUGCOG（Timed Up and Go Test Cognitive）评估。TUGTMAN和TUGTCOG的双任务成本（DTC）成立。统计分析使用 STATISTICA Package v. 10 完成。 受 MCI 影响的个体在步态测试结果、分配单任务活动和双任务活动以及步态速度方面与未受影响的个体存在显着差异. 与未受 MCI 影响的受试者相比，MCI 组的双任务成本手册 (DTCMAN) 显着更高。关于 MCI 组的 DTCMAN 结果的大约 25% 的方差是由单任务条件 (TUGT) 下的步态表现引起的。在双任务成本认知 (DTCCOG) 的情况下，该值大约等于 10%。DTCMAN 的 1% 变化对应于大约 TUGT 发生 0.5 秒的变化，而 DTCCOG 发生 1% 的变化需要大约 TUGT 步行时间有 0.35 秒的变化。个体功能能力影响双任务表现，尤其是运动-运动任务。受 MCI 影响的受试者的双任务成本显着降低，与运动认知任务相比，更依赖于需要视觉记忆的运动-运动任务中的步态速度。