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The gradual subjective consciousness fluctuation in implicit sequence learning and its relevant brain activity
Neuropsychologia ( IF 2.0 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-13 , DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.107948
Jianxin Zhang 1 , Dianzhi Liu 2
Affiliation  

Existing studies have investigated gradual subjective consciousnesses, guess, intuition, fluency, rule, and memory, and their fluctuation behavioral characteristics in implicit learning, but they did not investigate or elucidate the underlying brain mechanisms. Therefore, the current study asked participants to report subjective consciousnesses in each trial of inclusion and exclusion tasks after implicit sequence learning and used the eyes-closed and eyes-opened resting-states’ fMRI to examine the relevant brain areas of the five gradual subjective consciousnesses and their fluctuation. The results showed that: (1) There were many relevant resting-state brain areas of the five gradual subjective consciousnesses to reveal their brain mechanisms. In the eyes-closed and eyes-opened resting states, as the participants' consciousness level was gradually increasing from guess to intuition, to fluency, to rule, and to memory, the positively-relevant brain areas correspondingly changed from somatic motor to a mixture of somatic motor, consciousness, emotion feeling, and implicit learning; and then to a mixture of visual, somatic motor, and consciousness; and then to a mixture of visual, somatic motor, and consciousness; and then to a mixture of visual, somatic motor, and consciousness. The negatively-relevant brain areas correspondingly changed from a mixture of visual, consciousness, somatic sensory, and implicit learning to a mixture of visual, somatic motor, somatic sensory, and other consciousness; and then to memory; and then to a mixture of other somatic motors; and then to a mixture of other consciousness and other somatic motors. However, in the amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFFs)-difference, the relative directions of the guess and intuition were almost opposite to those in the eyes-closed and eyes-opened resting states. But the relative directions of the fluency, rule, and memory were consistent with those in the eyes-closed and eyes-opened resting states. (2) There were significant gradual subjective consciousness fluctuations, including the gradual subjective consciousness fluctuation-all M and SD. There were many relevant resting-state brain areas of gradual subjective consciousness fluctuations to reveal their brain mechanisms. The gradual subjective consciousness fluctuation M was positively related to Calcarine_R, Lingual_R, Lingual_R, Temporal_Pole_Mid_L, ParaHippocampal_L, Vermis_1_2, and Vermis_7; but was negatively related to Calcarine_R. The gradual subjective consciousness fluctuation-all SD was positively related to Parietal_Inf_L, Thalamus_L, Temporal_Mid_L, Vermis_9, Parietal_Inf_L, and Thalamus_L and Thalamus_R; but was negatively related to Rolandic_Oper_R, Rolandic_Oper_R, Insula_L, Insula_R, Cingulum_Post_L, and Temporal_Mid_L. The detailed function of the relevant brain areas of consciousness fluctuations needs further investigation. (3) ALFFs in eyes-closed and eyes-opened resting states and their ALFFs-difference could differently predict the five gradual subjective consciousnesses and their fluctuations, indicating that using the two resting states was necessary, and the ALFFs-difference was a new quantitative sensitivity index of the gradual subjective consciousnesses and their fluctuations.



中文翻译:

内隐序列学习中的逐渐主观意识波动及其相关脑活动

已有研究探讨了内隐学习中渐进的主观意识、猜测、直觉、流畅性、规则性和记忆性及其波动行为特征,但没有研究或阐明其潜在的大脑机制。因此,目前的研究要求参与者在隐序列学习后在每次包含和排除任务的试验中报告主观意识,并使用闭眼和睁眼静息状态的 fMRI 来检查五种渐进主观意识的相关脑区以及它们的波动。结果表明:(1)五种渐进主观意识中存在多个相关的静息态脑区,揭示了其脑机制。在闭眼和睁眼休息状态下,作为参与者的 意识水平从猜测到直觉、流畅、规则、记忆逐渐增加,正相关脑区相应地从躯体运动变为躯体运动、意识、情感和内隐学习的混合体;然后是视觉、躯体运动和意识的混合;然后是视觉、躯体运动和意识的混合;然后是视觉、躯体运动和意识的混合。负相关脑区相应地从视觉、意识、躯体感觉和内隐学习的混合体转变为视觉、躯体运动、躯体感觉和其他意识的混合体;然后记忆;然后混合其他体细胞;然后是其他意识和其他躯体运动的混合体。然而,在低频波动幅度(ALFFs)-差异中,猜测和直觉的相对方向与闭眼和睁眼静息状态下几乎相反。但流畅性、规则性和记忆性的相对方向与闭眼和睁眼静息状态一致。(2)有明显的渐进主观意识波动,包括​​渐进的主观意识波动——全M和SD。有许多相关的静息状态脑区逐渐主观意识波动,以揭示其大脑机制。渐进的主观意识波动M与Calcarine_R、Lingual_R、Lingual_R、Temporal_Pole_Mid_L、ParaHippocampal_L、Vermis_1_2和Vermis_7呈正相关;但与 Calcarine_R 呈负相关。逐渐主观意识波动-所有SD与Parietal_Inf_L、Thalamus_L、Temporal_Mid_L、Vermis_9、Parietal_Inf_L、Thalamus_L和Thalamus_R呈正相关;但与 Rolandic_Oper_R、Rolandic_Oper_R、Insula_L、Insula_R、Cingulum_Post_L 和 Temporal_Mid_L 呈负相关。意识波动相关脑区的详细功能有待进一步研究。(3) 闭眼和睁眼静息状态下的 ALFFs 及其 ALFFs-差值可以不同程度地预测五种渐进的主观意识及其波动,表明使用这两种静息状态是必要的,而 ALFFs-差值是一个新的量化指标。逐渐主观意识及其波动的敏感指数。Thalamus_L、Temporal_Mid_L、Vermis_9、Parietal_Inf_L 和 Thalamus_L 和 Thalamus_R;但与 Rolandic_Oper_R、Rolandic_Oper_R、Insula_L、Insula_R、Cingulum_Post_L 和 Temporal_Mid_L 呈负相关。意识波动相关脑区的详细功能有待进一步研究。(3) 闭眼和睁眼静息状态下的 ALFFs 及其 ALFFs-差值可以不同程度地预测五种渐进的主观意识及其波动,表明使用这两种静息状态是必要的,而 ALFFs-差值是一个新的量化指标。逐渐主观意识及其波动的敏感指数。Thalamus_L、Temporal_Mid_L、Vermis_9、Parietal_Inf_L 和 Thalamus_L 和 Thalamus_R;但与 Rolandic_Oper_R、Rolandic_Oper_R、Insula_L、Insula_R、Cingulum_Post_L 和 Temporal_Mid_L 呈负相关。意识波动相关脑区的详细功能有待进一步研究。(3) 闭眼和睁眼静息状态下的 ALFFs 及其 ALFFs-差值可以不同程度地预测五种渐进的主观意识及其波动,表明使用这两种静息状态是必要的,而 ALFFs-差值是一个新的量化指标。逐渐主观意识及其波动的敏感指数。Cingulum_Post_L 和 Temporal_Mid_L。意识波动相关脑区的详细功能有待进一步研究。(3) 闭眼和睁眼静息状态下的 ALFFs 及其 ALFFs-差值可以不同程度地预测五种渐进的主观意识及其波动,表明使用这两种静息状态是必要的,而 ALFFs-差值是一种新的定量方法逐渐主观意识及其波动的敏感指数。Cingulum_Post_L 和 Temporal_Mid_L。意识波动相关脑区的详细功能有待进一步研究。(3) 闭眼和睁眼静息状态下的 ALFFs 及其 ALFFs-差值可以不同程度地预测五种渐进的主观意识及其波动,表明使用这两种静息状态是必要的,而 ALFFs-差值是一个新的量化指标。逐渐主观意识及其波动的敏感指数。

更新日期:2021-07-23
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