This article presents the development of an algorithm capable of detecting and classifying electric faults in photovoltaic array systems by measuring the voltage-power curve. The algorithm was build based on a characterization method in which multiple photovoltaic arrays were evaluated under different fault conditions, by measuring and analyzing the voltage-power curves at the output of each array. The algorithm was evaluated experimentally in a controlled environment inside a laboratory under 59 different fault conditions obtaining an effectiveness of 100%. Then, the algorithm was evaluated experimentally outdoors under 124 different fault conditions, temperature and solar radiations, and was able to detect and classify electric faults in different photovoltaic arrays with an effectiveness of 94.4%. The proposed algorithm can be implemented with standard power-inverters as a low-cost solution and users can receive information on up-to date performance of their photovoltaic array systems through a mobile App. The design of a mobile app for the algorithm is proposed as well.

中文翻译：

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基于电压-功率曲线的光伏系统电气故障分类

本文介绍了一种算法的开发，该算法能够通过测量电压-功率曲线来检测和分类光伏阵列系统中的电气故障。该算法是基于一种表征方法构建的，其中通过测量和分析每个阵列输出端的电压-功率曲线来评估多个光伏阵列在不同故障条件下的性能。该算法在实验室内的受控环境中在 59 种不同故障条件下进行了实验评估，有效性为 100%。然后，该算法在124种不同的故障条件、温度和太阳辐射下在户外进行了实验评估，能够对不同光伏阵列中的电气故障进行检测和分类，有效率为94.4%。所提出的算法可以用标准的逆变器作为低成本解决方案来实现，用户可以通过移动应用程序接收有关其光伏阵列系统最新性能的信息。还提出了该算法的移动应用程序设计。