This paper analyzed the concentration and conglomerates of black liquor thermoelectric plants in Brazil, in 2018. Data from the generation information system of the National Electric Energy Agency (ANEEL) were used. Concentration was measured using the Concentration Ratio CR(k), Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI), Theil Entropy (E) and the Gini Coefficient (G) and the conglomerates with the scan statistics. The results showed the southern region with the largest number of thermoelectric plants and installed power. The state concentration of thermoelectric plants and the installed power for the CR(k) was moderately high to very high, inferring an oligopolistic market structure. In turn, the HHI and E indices inferred an atomized market. Among the participating companies, the CR(k) and G indicators showed trends in concentration, while HHI and E indicated to an atomized market. Four conglomerates were identified, two for the number of thermoelectric plants and two for installed power. High supply potential was noted in the south of the country and in the south of the northeast region. This research showed way the distribution of bioelectricity supply of black liquor in Brazil. The identification of concentration and conglomerates showed that the offer was associated with the industrial complexes of cellulose and paper, from cogeneration with residual black liquor; which can indicate to investors the importance of this practice and the most relevant location for installation, contributing to the increase of distributed generation and diversification of the national electrical matrix.

中文翻译：

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巴西黑液热电厂集中度和集群度


本文分析了 2018 年巴西黑液热电厂的集中度和规模。使用的数据来自国家电力能源局 (ANEEL) 的发电信息系统。使用浓度比 CR(k)、赫芬达尔-赫希曼指数 (HHI)、泰尔熵 (E) 和基尼系数 (G) 以及扫描统计数据来测量浓度。结果显示，南部地区拥有最多的热电厂数量和装机容量。热电厂和 CR(k) 装机容量的国家集中度为中等偏高至极高，推断出寡头垄断的市场结构。反过来，HHI 和 E 指数推断出一个原子化的市场。参与企业中，CR(k)和G指标呈现集中化趋势，而HHI和E指标则呈现出市场原子化的趋势。确定了四家企业集团，其中两家为热电厂数量，两家为装机容量。该国南部和东北地区南部的供应潜力很大。这项研究展示了巴西黑液生物电供应的分布方式。浓度和集团的鉴定表明，该报价与纤维素和造纸工业联合体有关，来自与残余黑液的热电联产；这可以向投资者表明这种做法的重要性以及最相关的安装位置，从而有助于增加分布式发电和国家电力矩阵的多样化。