This article interrogates the interpretation of Islam in the legacy of theological liberalism. Ernst Troeltsch (1865–1923) has been labelled the figurehead of such liberalism. Islam is a recurrent referent in his thought, running through his theological and philosophical writings. Whereas studies such as Tomoko Masuzawa’s immensely influential The Invention of World Religions contend that Troeltsch’s conceptualization of religion smuggles assumptions of the supremacy of Christianity from theological into non-theological research on religion, I argue that Troeltsch’s characterization of Islam clarifies how he both constructs and collapses the supremacy smuggling for which he is criticized. For the current controversies about Islam in the European and the American public square, Troeltsch is instructive because he captures both the problems and the promises of the theological thinking that came to be called “liberal” for the study of religion.

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至高无上的走私者？神学自由主义遗产中的伊斯兰教

本文质疑神学自由主义遗产中对伊斯兰教的解释。Ernst Troeltsch (1865–1923) 被贴上了这种自由主义的名义领袖的标签。伊斯兰教在他的思想中反复出现，贯穿他的神学和哲学著作。尽管像增泽智子的影响巨大的《世界宗教的发明》等研究认为，特罗尔奇的宗教概念化将基督教至高无上的假设从神学研究带入了非神学研究，但我认为，特罗尔奇对伊斯兰教的描述阐明了他如何构建和瓦解他被批评的至高无上的走私。对于目前欧美公共广场上关于伊斯兰教的争议，