In the leaf epidermis, stomatal pores allow gas exchange between plants and the environment. The production of stomatal guard cells requires the lineage cells to divide asymmetrically. In this Insight review, we describe an emerging picture of how intrinsic molecules drive stomatal asymmetric cell division in multidimensions, from transcriptional activities in the nucleus to the dynamic assembly of the polarity complex at the cell cortex. Given the significant roles of stomatal activity in plant responses to environmental changes, we incorporate recent advances in external cues feeding into the regulation of core molecular machinery required for stomatal development. The work we discuss here is mainly based on the dicot plant Arabidopsis thaliana with summaries of recent progress in the monocots.

中文翻译：

---

建立不对称性：植物的气孔分裂和分化

在叶表皮中，气孔允许植物与环境之间进行气体交换。气孔保卫细胞的产生需要谱系细胞不对称分裂。在这篇 Insight 综述中，我们描述了内在分子如何在多维中驱动气孔不对称细胞分裂的新画面，从细胞核中的转录活动到细胞皮层极性复合物的动态组装。鉴于气孔活动在植物对环境变化的反应中的重要作用，我们将外部线索的最新进展纳入气孔发育所需的核心分子机制的调节中。我们在这里讨论的工作主要基于双子叶植物拟南芥，并总结了单子叶植物的最新进展。