ABSTRACT

The use of food residues for animal nutrition might imply ecological and economic advantages; however, their effects as a potential ingredient have not yet been evaluated in dogs. In the present study, four diets with 0, 5, 10 and 15% dried food residues (DFR), derived from hotel catering, were fed to 10 healthy adult dogs. At the end of each three-week feeding period, faeces and blood were collected. The apparent nutrient digestibility was calculated by the dietary inclusion of titanium dioxide as an inert marker. The results demonstrated that the apparent crude protein digestibility and ether extract digestibility decreased with increasing amounts of DFR in the diets (p < 0.05). In addition, an increase of the faecal concentrations of acetic acid, propionic acid, n-butyric acid and total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) was observed (p < 0.05). Faecal ammonium and lactate concentrations, as well as plasma phenol and indole concentrations, were not linearly affected by the dietary inclusion of DFR. The relative abundance of Fusobacteria in the faeces of the dogs decreased, and the relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes increased with increasing amounts of DFR in the diets (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the DFR seemed to be intensively fermented by the intestinal microbiota of the dogs, as indicated by the increased faecal SCFA concentrations and the shifts in the composition of the faecal microbiota. Dietary inclusion levels of up to 5% can be recommended based on our results, as the observed lower apparent crude protein and ether extract digestibility might limit the use of food residues for dogs at higher amounts.

摘要

将食物残渣用于动物营养可能意味着生态和经济优势；然而，尚未在狗中评估它们作为潜在成分的效果。在本研究中，将来自酒店餐饮的 0、5、10 和 15% 干粮残渣 (DFR) 的四种饮食喂给 10 只健康成年犬。在每三周的喂养期结束时，收集粪便和血液。表观养分消化率是通过饮食中包含二氧化钛作为惰性标记来计算的。结果表明，表观粗蛋白消化率和乙醚提取物消化率随着日粮中 DFR 量的增加而降低 ( p < 0.05)。此外，粪便中乙酸、丙酸、n观察到丁酸和总短链脂肪酸 (SCFA) ( p < 0.05)。粪便中铵盐和乳酸浓度，以及血浆苯酚和吲哚浓度，不受饮食中 DFR 的影响。犬粪便中梭杆菌的相对丰度下降，放线菌和拟杆菌的相对丰度随着日粮中DFR量的增加而增加（p< 0.05)。总之，DFR 似乎被狗的肠道微生物群强烈发酵，如粪便 SCFA 浓度增加和粪便微生物群组成的变化所示。根据我们的结果，可以推荐高达 5% 的膳食添加水平，因为观察到的较低的表观粗蛋白和乙醚提取物消化率可能会限制狗使用较高量的食物残渣。