ABSTRACT

In theory, oxygen (O₂) is an ideal chemical reagent because of its high relative abundance and negligible environmental toxicity. In practice however, by the nature of its ground state electronic configuration, many chemical reactions involving O₂ are spin forbidden which dramatically decreases its reactivity and thus its utility in applications. More reactive forms of O₂ can be achieved by changing its electronic configuration through the use of photochemical and photophysical methods. This review highlights the roll of photon-to-chemical energy conversion in two of these reactive oxygen species (ROS): superoxide (O₂⁻) and singlet oxygen (¹O₂), which can be accessed through a number of photochemical methods and used in a variety of exciting applications. The theory behind ROS is introduced as produced using light irradiation. Then applications of these methods for chemical transformations are explored.

摘要

理论上，氧气 (O ₂ ) 是一种理想的化学试剂，因为其相对丰度高且环境毒性可忽略不计。然而，实际上，由于其基态电子构型的性质，许多涉及 O _{2 的}化学反应是自旋禁止的，这显着降低了其反应性，从而降低了其在应用中的实用性。通过使用光化学和光物理方法改变其电子构型，可以获得更多反应性形式的 O ₂。这篇综述重点介绍了这些活性氧 (ROS) 中的两种：超氧化物 (O ₂ ⁻ ) 和单线态氧 ( ¹ O ₂)，可以通过多种光化学方法获得，并用于各种令人兴奋的应用。ROS 背后的理论是通过光照射产生的。然后探索这些方法在化学转化中的应用。