Abstract

The spectral characteristics of electromagnetic radiation from cloud discharges triggered by groups of model hydrometeors in an artificial thunderstorm cloud are presented on the basis of wavelet analysis. It is found that these characteristics depend on the locations of cells of different polarity relative to the ground, on the location of groups of large hydrometeors in the cloud, and the way they are combined into a common array. The characteristic frequency ranges in the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation of cloud discharges recorded on the Earth’s surface and at the height of an artificial thunderstorm cloud are determined. It is assumed that the bulk of large hailstones will modify the characteristics of the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation of cloud discharges in a thunderstorm cloud in different ways, depending on the movement of these hailstones near the areas of positive and negative charge of the thunderstorm cloud. It is found that the boundary frequencies in the spectrum of signals recorded on the Earth’s surface can reach 400 MHz, while they may achieve 1200 MHz at the height of the cloud. The risk of the impact of pulses of electromagnetic radiation from cloud discharges with the revealed spectral characteristics on digital elements of ground cyberphysical systems and aircraft in frequency ranges of mega- to gigahertz is analyzed.

中文翻译：

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人工雷暴云中模式水凝物触发的云放电电磁辐射的光谱特性

摘要

在小波分析的基础上，提出了人工雷暴云中由模型水凝物群触发的云放电电磁辐射的光谱特征。发现这些特征取决于相对于地面的不同极性单元的位置、云中大型水凝体组的位置以及它们组合成一个共同阵列的方式。确定了在地球表面和人造雷暴云高度记录的云放电电磁辐射频谱中的特征频率范围。假设大部分大冰雹将以不同方式改变雷暴云中云放电的电磁辐射频谱特征，取决于这些冰雹在雷暴云正负电荷区域附近的运动。发现在地球表面记录的信号频谱中的边界频率可以达到400 MHz，而在云层高度可能达到1200 MHz。分析了云放电产生的电磁辐射脉冲对地面信息物理系统和飞机的数字元素在兆赫到千兆赫频率范围内的影响的风险。