Anthracnose is a major disease of common bean in Parana and other Brazilian states. The changing virulence of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum complicates breeding for anthracnose resistance. An objective of this study was to characterize the virulence and genetic diversity of 19 isolates of C. lindemuthianum from Parana. Virulence was characterized by inoculating each isolate on an international set of 12 common bean differential cultivars. Thirteen virulent races were identified. This is the first report of races 24 and 345 in Parana. Race 24 has also been reported in Mato Grosso. Race 345 is new to Parana and Brazil and both races are new to the world. This virulence diversity confirmed the extensive and changing nature of C. lindemuthianum in Parana. To study the genetic diversity, we sequenced the internal transcribed spacer of the ribosomal DNA of the 19 isolates. This revealed a high level of genetic polymorphism among the isolates. The resistance index (RI) of each of the 12 differential cultivars to the 13 races uncovered in this study was very similar to the RI of the same differential cultivars to the 63 races reported in Parana from 1994 to 2017. The Middle American and Andean differential cultivars that were resistant to the 13 races were also resistant to the 63 races. These results suggest that combining certain anthracnose resistance genes of Middle American origin and Andean origin is an effective strategy to manage the virulence diversity of C. lindemuthianum in Parana and in similar areas of Brazil and other countries.

炭疽病是巴拉那州和巴西其他州常见的豆类疾病。炭疽病菌毒力的变化使炭疽病抗性育种复杂化。本研究的一个目的是表征来自巴拉那州的 19 株C. lindemuthianum的毒力和遗传多样性。毒力的特点是将每个分离株接种到国际组的 12 个常见豆类差异栽培品种上。确定了 13 个有毒种族。这是巴拉那州第 24 和 345 场比赛的第一份报告。马托格罗索州也报道了第 24 场比赛。第 345 场比赛对巴拉那和巴西来说是新的，而且这两个比赛对世界都是新的。这种毒力多样性证实了C. lindemuthianum的广泛性和变化性在巴拉那。为了研究遗传多样性，我们对 19 个分离株的核糖体 DNA 的内部转录间隔区进行了测序。这揭示了分离株之间的高水平遗传多态性。本研究中发现的 12 个不同品种对 13 个种族的抗性指数 (RI) 与 1994 年至 2017 年在巴拉那州报道的相同差异栽培品种对 63 个种族的 RI 非常相似。 中美洲和安第斯差异对 13 个小种有抗性的品种也对 63 个小种有抗性。这些结果表明，将某些中美洲起源和安第斯起源的炭疽病抗性基因结合起来是管理巴拉那州和巴西和其他国家类似地区C. lindemuthianum毒力多样性的有效策略。