Atmospheric response to the North Pacific hotspot in idealized simulations: Application to explosive and binary cyclogenesis,Atmospheric Science Letters

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Atmospheric response to the North Pacific hotspot in idealized simulations: Application to explosive and binary cyclogenesis
Atmospheric Science Letters ( IF 2.0 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-11 , DOI: 10.1002/asl.1060
Masaru Yamamoto ₁

Affiliation

Marginal seas of the western North Pacific Ocean act as a hotspot in winter, warming the marine atmosphere. The atmospheric response to lower-level (below 700 hPa altitude) heating localized around this hotspot was studied using an idealized general circulation model with an assumed triangular hotspot. As simulated in previous studies, localized atmospheric heating over the mid-latitude hotspot enhances the westerly jet core, forming a stationary Rossby wave north of the core. This study found that the hotspot remotely influences the Rossby wave source (the sum of vortex stretching and vorticity advection caused by the divergent flow) and temperature deviations at upper levels (200–300 hPa). These results are qualitatively consistent with the winter climatology. The idealized experiment was applied to explosive and binary extratropical cyclones (pairs of surface cyclones located north and south of the main Japanese islands). The active area of transient eddies at lower levels splits into two in the hotspot, leading to regional explosive development and the formation of binary cyclones through an enhanced meridionally elongated trough. The hotspot is an essential factor driving the bifurcation of cyclone tracks into the southern and northern areas of Japan, leading to binary cyclones.

中文翻译：

理想化模拟中对北太平洋热点的大气响应：在爆炸和二元气旋中的应用

北太平洋西部的边缘海在冬季成为热点，使海洋大气变暖。使用具有假定三角形热点的理想化环流模型研究了大气对位于该热点周围的低层（低于 700 hPa 高度）加热的响应。正如之前的研究所模拟的那样，中纬度热点上的局部大气加热增强了西风急流核心，在核心以北形成了一个静止的罗斯比波。该研究发现，热点远程影响罗斯比波源（由发散流引起的涡旋拉伸和涡度平流的总和）和上层（200-300 hPa）的温度偏差。这些结果与冬季气候学在性质上是一致的。理想化的实验适用于爆炸性和二元温带气旋（位于日本主要岛屿北部和南部的成对表面气旋）。低层瞬态涡旋活动区在热点处一分为二，导致区域爆炸性发展，并通过增强的经向拉长槽形成二元气旋。热点是推动气旋路径分叉到日本南部和北部地区，导致二元气旋的重要因素。

更新日期：2021-07-11

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