The depth perception of human visual system is divergent between virtual and real space; this depth discrepancy affects the spatial judgment of the user in a virtual space, which means the user cannot precisely locate their self-position in a virtual space. Existing localization methods ignore the depth discrepancy and only concentrate on increasing location accuracy in real space. Thus, the discrepancy always exists in virtual space, which induces visual discomfort. In this paper, a localization method based on depth perception is proposed to measure the self-position of the user in a virtual environment. Using binocular gaze tracking, this method estimates perceived depth and constructs an eye matrix by measuring gaze convergence on a target. Comparing the eye matrix and camera matrix, the method can automatically calculate the actual depth of the viewed target. Then, the difference between the actual depth and the perceived depth can be explicitly estimated without markers. The position of the virtual camera is compensated by the depth difference to obtain perceptual self-position. Furthermore, a virtual reality system is redesigned by adjusting the virtual camera position. The redesigned system makes users feel that the distance (from the user to an object) is the same in virtual and real space. Experimental results demonstrate that the redesigned system can improve the user’s visual experiences, which validate the superiority of the proposed localization method.

人类视觉系统对虚拟空间和现实空间的深度感知是发散的；这种深度差异会影响用户在虚拟空间中的空间判断，即用户无法准确定位自己在虚拟空间中的位置。现有的定位方法忽略了深度差异，只专注于提高真实空间中的定位精度。因此，差异总是存在于虚拟空间中，从而引起视觉不适。本文提出了一种基于深度感知的定位方法来测量用户在虚拟环境中的自我位置。使用双目注视跟踪，该方法通过测量目标上的注视会聚来估计感知深度并构建眼睛矩阵。比较眼睛矩阵和相机矩阵，该方法可以自动计算被观察目标的实际深度。然后，可以在没有标记的情况下明确估计实际深度和感知深度之间的差异。通过深度差补偿虚拟相机的位置以获得感知的自我位置。此外，通过调整虚拟摄像机位置来重新设计虚拟现实系统。重新设计的系统让用户感觉虚拟和现实空间中的距离（从用户到物体）是相同的。实验结果表明，重新设计的系统可以改善用户的视觉体验，验证了所提出的定位方法的优越性。通过深度差补偿虚拟相机的位置以获得感知的自我位置。此外，通过调整虚拟摄像机位置来重新设计虚拟现实系统。重新设计的系统让用户感觉虚拟和现实空间中的距离（从用户到物体）是相同的。实验结果表明，重新设计的系统可以改善用户的视觉体验，验证了所提出的定位方法的优越性。通过深度差补偿虚拟相机的位置以获得感知的自我位置。此外，通过调整虚拟摄像机位置来重新设计虚拟现实系统。重新设计的系统让用户感觉虚拟和现实空间中的距离（从用户到物体）是相同的。实验结果表明，重新设计的系统可以改善用户的视觉体验，验证了所提出的定位方法的优越性。