The by-product from pistachio (Pistachia vera) has been valorised over the years as an adsorbent material for water treatment. The aim of this review was to synthesise the empirical findings on the uptake of different pollutants using adsorbents developed from pistachio waste. This was done to evaluate the progress of research on the subject matter, identify knowledge gaps and propose interesting areas for future work. Iran was observed to be a major source country (31%) of pistachio feedstock for adsorbent preparation. The highest reported specific surface area for pistachio adsorbent was 1884 m²/g for a carbon activated by NH₄NO₃ + NaOH and carbonised at 800 °C. Pistachio adsorbents showed very good removal efficiencies (> 90% in most cases) for both dyes, heavy metals, pharmaceuticals and other compounds. Isotherm and kinetics modelling was always best-fit to the classical Langmuir and Freundlich models and the pseudo-second-order kinetics model, respectively. HCl was the regularly used eluent for heavy metals desorption, while alkalis and organic acids were more regularly used for dyes. Interesting areas for future work include adsorbent preparation by physical activation, research interest in emerging contaminants, improvement of adsorbent desorption, utilisation of statistical physics modelling tools and the investigation of spent adsorbent disposal.

开心果 ( Pistachia vera ) 的副产品多年来一直被用作水处理的吸附材料。本综述的目的是综合利用开心果废料开发的吸附剂吸收不同污染物的实证结果。这样做是为了评估主题研究的进展，确定知识差距并为未来的工作提出有趣的领域。据观察，伊朗是用于制备吸附剂的开心果原料的主要来源国 (31%)。对于用 NH ₄ NO ₃活化的碳，开心果吸附剂的最高报告比表面积为 1884 m ² /g + NaOH 并在 800 °C 下碳化。开心果吸附剂对染料、重金属、药物和其他化合物均显示出非常好的去除效率（在大多数情况下大于 90%）。等温线和动力学模型始终分别最适合经典的 Langmuir 和 Freundlich 模型以及伪二级动力学模型。HCl 是重金属解吸的常用洗脱液，而碱和有机酸则更常用于染料。未来工作的有趣领域包括通过物理活化制备吸附剂、对新兴污染物的研究兴趣、吸附剂解吸的改进、统计物理建模工具的利用以及对废吸附剂处理的研究。