This article shows how state dependence effects can be estimated for many markets and with few assumptions by using data on how the shares of consumers buying specific products differ between those who bought the same product on their latest purchase occasion and those who did not. Using information regarding which product was cheapest when consumers made their last purchases as instrument, I estimate that state dependence increases the probability that consumers will buy the product they bought the last time by eight percentage points. This effect is larger for women and the elderly than for men and younger consumers.

中文翻译：

---

一种估计消费者品牌选择状态依赖的新方法，适用于 762 个医药市场*

本文展示了如何通过使用有关在最近一次购买相同产品的消费者和未购买相同产品的消费者之间购买特定产品的份额如何不同的数据，在几乎没有假设的情况下估计许多市场的状态依赖效应。使用有关消费者上次购买时哪种产品最便宜的信息作为工具，我估计状态依赖性使消费者购买他们上次购买的产品的可能性增加了 8 个百分点。与男性和年轻消费者相比，这种影响对女性和老年人的影响更大。