The decreasing prevalence of the thyroid ima artery: A systematic review and machine learning assisted meta-analysis,Annals of Anatomy

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The decreasing prevalence of the thyroid ima artery: A systematic review and machine learning assisted meta-analysis
Annals of Anatomy ( IF 2.0 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-12 , DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2021.151803
Laphatrada Yurasakpong ₁ , Chanin Nantasenamat ₂ , Sirorat Janta ₁ , Pinthusorn Eiamratchanee ₃ , James Coey ₃ , Arada Chaiyamoon ₄ , Nutmethee Kruepunga ₁ , Thanyaporn Senarai ₄ , Martin Franz Langer ₅ , Krai Meemon ₁ , Athikhun Suwannakhan ₁

Affiliation

Introduction

Thyroid ima artery is a variant artery found on the anterior surface of the trachea. The aim of this meta-analysis was to obtain pooled prevalence data of the thyroid ima artery and discuss its clinical importance especially for tracheostomy.

Methods

A systematic literature search was performed through five electronic databases until May 2021. A set of inclusion and exclusion criteria based on AQUA guidelines were used to select relevant studies. Meta-analysis, subgroup analyses, meta-regression, and tests for publication bias were performed. Factors that influence the prevalence of the thyroid ima artery were detected using simple and interpretable machine learning (linear regression and K means).

Results

Thirty-six studies with a total of 4335 subjects met the inclusion criteria. The prevalence of the thyroid ima artery was 3.8% (95% CI: 0.027−0.049, I² = 56.2%). Machine learning identified age, region and year of publication as potential covariates. Subgroup analysis showed that the prevalence of the thyroid ima artery was 4.5 times higher in fetuses (14.8%) than adults (3.3%) (z = −6.76, p < 0.01). There was a significant negative correlation between the adult prevalence of the thyroid ima artery and the year of publication (Pearson’s r = −0.354, p = 0.040) thereby suggesting a decline in thyroid ima artery prevalence over time. This artery, if present, may originate from the brachiocephalic trunk (74%), right common carotid artery (9.6%), arch of aorta (7.7%), right internal thoracic artery (4.8%), left common carotid artery (1.9%) and left internal thoracic artery (1.9%).

Conclusion

In addition to evidence-based synthesis of the thyroid ima artery, this study is the first ever study to report the decreasing prevalence over time of a human body structure in the postnatal life. Knowledge of the thyroid ima artery is of vital importance for surgeons to avoid accidental hemorrhage during tracheostomy.

中文翻译：

甲状腺 ima 动脉患病率的下降：系统评价和机器学习辅助的荟萃分析

介绍

甲状腺 ima 动脉是一种位于气管前表面的变异动脉。本荟萃分析的目的是获得甲状腺 ima 动脉的汇总患病率数据，并讨论其临床重要性，尤其是气管切开术。

方法

在 2021 年 5 月之前通过五个电子数据库进行了系统的文献检索。使用基于 AQUA 指南的一组纳入和排除标准来选择相关研究。进行了荟萃分析、亚组分析、荟萃回归和发表偏倚检验。使用简单且可解释的机器学习（线性回归和 K 均值）检测影响甲状腺 ima 动脉患病率的因素。

结果

共有 4335 名受试者的 36 项研究符合纳入标准。甲状腺 ima 动脉的患病率为 3.8%（95% CI：0.027-0.049，I ² = 56.2%）。机器学习将年龄、地区和出版年份确定为潜在的协变量。亚组分析显示，胎儿甲状腺 ima 动脉的患病率 (14.8%) 是成人 (3.3%) 的 4.5 倍 ( z = -6.76, p < 0.01)。甲状腺 ima 动脉的成人患病率与发表年份之间存在显着负相关（Pearson's r = -0.354，p = 0.040) 从而表明甲状腺 ima 动脉患病率随着时间的推移而下降。如果存在，这条动脉可能起源于头臂干 (74%)、右侧颈总动脉 (9.6%)、主动脉弓 (7.7%)、右侧胸内动脉 (4.8%)、左侧颈总动脉 (1.9%) ) 和左胸内动脉 (1.9%)。